The Relationship Between Gut Microbiome Features and Chemotherapy Response in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Abstract

ObjectiveThe prognosis of advanced gastrointestinal cancer is poor. There are studies indicating that gut microbes might have the predictive ability to evaluate the outcome of cancer therapy, especially immunotherapy. There is limited evidence to date on the influence of microbes on chemotherapeutic response.DesignIn total, 130 patients with advanced or metastatic esophageal (n=40), gastric (n=46), and colorectal cancer (n=44) were enrolled. We included 147 healthy people as controls and used 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze the fecal microbiota.ResultsSignificant differences in the abundance of fecal microbiota between patients with gastrointestinal cancer and controls were identified. The abundance of Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium hathewayi, and Alistipes finegoldii were significantly increased in the patient group. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia faecis, Clostridium clostridioforme, Blautia producta, Bifidobacterium adolescent, and Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum taxa were significantly more abundant in the controls. The amount of R. faecis in non-responders (NR) was more likely to decrease significantly after chemotherapy, while the amount mostly increased in responders (R) (P=0.040). The optimal abundance variation of R. faecis may be a predictor for distinguishing patients with PD from those with non-PD in all patients with gastrointestinal cancer, with a sensitivity of 75.0% and a specificity of 93.9%.ConclusionThe gut microbiome of patients with esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer differs from those of healthy people. The abundance alteration of R. faecis in patients with GI cancer might be a predictor of chemotherapy efficacy.

Bacillus velezensis A2 Inhibited the Cecal Inflammation Induced by Zearalenone by Regulating Intestinal Flora and Short-Chain Fatty Acids

“…For example, in patients with end-of-stage renal disease (ESRD), the relative abundance of Proteobacteria significantly increased, while the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria remarkably decreased (23). A significant increase in the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria Actinobacteria was found in the GIT of patients with early chronic kidney disease (CKD) and patients with cancer (24,25). It has also been reported that the high abundance of Proteobacteria in mice will also lead to local or systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, which greatly increases the chance of chronic colonic inflammation (26).…”

Preoperative oral antibiotic administration in patients undergoing curative resection with stoma creation for colorectal cancer: effectiveness in preventing surgical site infection and the possibility of peristomal candidiasis induced by enterobacterial alteration

“…In addition, it takes approximately 1 month for the intestinal microbiota to recover from disruption due to antibiotic administration [23]. This disruption of the gut microbiota not only contributes to PSC but also affects short-and long-term prognosis after colorectal cancer surgery [24,25]. Considering the above, the development of postoperative PSC should be monitored closely as an indicator reflecting a disturbance of the intestinal microbiota due to antibiotic administration.…”

Alpinia katsumadai Hayata Volatile Oil Is Effective in Treating 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Mucositis by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Modulating the GC/GR Pathway and the mPGES-1/PGE2/EP4 Pathways

“…The intestinal microbiota play a crucial role in regulating the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Patients with 5-FU-induced gastrointestinal mucositis often exhibit significant alterations in the composition of intestinal microbial genera. , Among these, Lactobacillus is one of the most commonly found beneficial bacterium known for its anti-inflammatory properties and protective role in preserving the intestinal mucosal barrier in inflammatory bowel diseases . In mice treated with irinotecan, administration of Lactobacillus restored the expressions of ZO-1 and occludin, improving the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier .…”