The relationship between glycogen synthesis, biofilm formation and virulence in<i>Salmonella enteritidis</i>

Bonafonte, María; Solano, Cristina; Sesma, Begoña; Álvarez, Miguel A.; Montuenga, Luis M.; García-Ros, David; Gamazo, Carlos

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09315.x

Cited by 89 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…We observed that in presence of starch, S. suis induced expression of the metabolic pathway enzymes required for transport and metabolism of maltodextrins and the glycogen biosynthesis enzymes which generate bacterial glycogen energy reserves. Several studies have linked bacterial glycogen metabolism to environmental survival, symbiotic performance, and colonization and virulence [60]–[67]. Glycogen reserves may be important for survival and fitness of S. suis when carbon sources are scarce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate Availability Regulates Virulence Gene Expression in Streptococcus suis

et al. 2014

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Streptococcus suis is a major bacterial pathogen of young pigs causing worldwide economic problems for the pig industry. S. suis is also an emerging pathogen of humans. Colonization of porcine oropharynx by S. suis is considered to be a high risk factor for invasive disease. In the oropharyngeal cavity, where glucose is rapidly absorbed but dietary α-glucans persist, there is a profound effect of carbohydrate availability on the expression of virulence genes. Nineteen predicted or confirmed S. suis virulence genes that promote adhesion to and invasion of epithelial cells were expressed at higher levels when S. suis was supplied with the α-glucan starch/pullulan compared to glucose as the single carbon source. Additionally the production of suilysin, a toxin that damages epithelial cells, was increased more than ten-fold when glucose levels were low and S. suis was growing on pullulan. Based on biochemical, bioinformatics and in vitro and in vivo gene expression studies, we developed a biological model that postulates the effect of carbon catabolite repression on expression of virulence genes in the mucosa, organs and blood. This research increases our understanding of S. suis virulence mechanisms and has important implications for the design of future control strategies including the development of anti-infective strategies by modulating animal feed composition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate Availability Regulates Virulence Gene Expression in Streptococcus suis

et al. 2014

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“…Synthesis and degradation of glycogen, an endogenous glucose polymer, plays an important role for E. coli during colonization of the mouse intestine by functioning as an internal carbon source for the bacterium during nutrient limitation (25, 26). When faced with limiting sugars due to consumption by other colonizing bacteria, E. coli can also switch from glycolytic to gluconeogenic substrates to sustain growth in the intestine (27).…”

Section: From the Intestine To The Urinary Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism and Fitness of Urinary Tract Pathogens

Alteri

Mobley

2015

Microbiol Spectr

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Among common infections, urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most frequently diagnosed urologic disease. The majority of UTIs are caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli . The primary niche occupied by E. coli is the lower intestinal tract of mammals, where it resides as a beneficial component of the commensal microbiota. Although it is well-known that E. coli resides in the human intestine as a harmless commensal, specific strains or pathotypes have the potential to cause a wide spectrum of intestinal and diarrheal diseases. In contrast, extraintestinal E. coli pathotypes reside harmlessly in the human intestinal microenvironment but, upon access to sites outside of the intestine, become a major cause of human morbidity and mortality as a consequence of invasive UTI (pyelonephritis, bacteremia, or septicemia). Thus, extraintestinal pathotypes like uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) possess an enhanced ability to cause infection outside of the intestinal tract and colonize the urinary tract, the bloodstream, or cerebrospinal fluid of human hosts. Due to the requirement for these E. coli to replicate in and colonize both the intestine and extraintestinal environments, we posit that physiology and metabolism of UPEC strains is paramount. Here we discuss that the ability to survive in the urinary tract depends as much on bacterial physiology and metabolism as it does on the well-considered virulence determinants.

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“…Synthesis and degradation of glycogen, an endogenous glucose polymer, plays an important role for E. coli and Salmonella during colonization of the mouse intestine by functioning as an internal carbon source for the bacterium during nutrient limitation [20,21]. When faced with limiting sugars due to consumption by other colonizing bacteria, E. coli can also switch from glycolytic to gluconeogenic substrates to sustain growth in the intestine [22].…”

Section: Life As An Intestinal Commensal: Nutrient-rich With Diverse mentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli physiology and metabolism dictates adaptation to diverse host microenvironments

Alteri

Mobley

2012

Current Opinion in Microbiology

125

102

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Summary Bacterial growth in the host is required for pathogenesis. To successfully grow in vivo, pathogens have adapted their metabolism to replicate in specific host microenvironments. These adaptations reflect the nutritional composition of their host niches, inter-bacterial competition for carbon and energy sources, and survival in the face of bactericidal defense mechanisms. A sub-group of Escherichia coli, which cause urinary tract infection, bacteremia, sepsis, and meningitis, have adapted to grow as a harmless commensal in the nutrient-replete, carbon-rich human intestine but rapidly transition to pathogenic lifestyle in the nutritionally poorer, nitrogen-rich urinary tract. We discuss bacterial adaptations that allow extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli to establish both commensal associations and virulence as the bacterium transits between disparate microenvironments within the same individual.

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The relationship between glycogen synthesis, biofilm formation and virulence inSalmonella enteritidis

Cited by 89 publications

References 18 publications

Carbohydrate Availability Regulates Virulence Gene Expression in Streptococcus suis

Carbohydrate Availability Regulates Virulence Gene Expression in Streptococcus suis

Metabolism and Fitness of Urinary Tract Pathogens

Escherichia coli physiology and metabolism dictates adaptation to diverse host microenvironments

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