The relationship between gaming disorder and addiction requires a behavioral analysis

James, Richard J. E.; Tunney, Richard J.

doi:10.1556/2006.6.2017.045

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the commentaries that discuss our debate paper (Billieux, King, et al, 2017;Griffiths, Kuss, Lopez-Fernandez, & Pontes, 2017;Higuchi et al, 2017;James & Tunney, 2017;Király & Demetrovics, 2017;Lee, Choo, & Lee, 2017;Müller & Wölfling, 2017;Saunders et al, 2017;Shadloo et al, 2017;Van den Brink, 2017). The authors of this response paper agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems.…”

Section: Commentaries and Debate Papermentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Much confusion remainseven among authors supporting the diagnosisregarding what, exactly, the gaming disorder is. Would a gaming disorder relate only to gambling oriented games or to video games more generally (James & Tunney, 2017)? Is the problem behavior caused by other underlying mental disorders (Billieux, King, et al, 2017), or is it a consequence of alluring game mechanics (James & Tunney, 2017)?…”

Section: Commentaries and Debate Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Would a gaming disorder relate only to gambling oriented games or to video games more generally (James & Tunney, 2017)? Is the problem behavior caused by other underlying mental disorders (Billieux, King, et al, 2017), or is it a consequence of alluring game mechanics (James & Tunney, 2017)? Are we diagnosing people who play online games or offline games, or both (Király & Demetrovics, 2017)?…”

Section: Commentaries and Debate Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution

Rooij¹,

Ferguson²,

Carras³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the ten commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that understanding this population and the nature and severity of the problems they experience should be a focus area for future research. However, moving from research construct to formal disorder requires a much stronger evidence base than we currently have. The burden of evidence and the clinical utility should be extremely high because there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses. We provide suggestions about the level of evidence that might be required: transparent and preregistered studies, a better demarcation of the subject area that includes a rationale for focusing on gaming in particular versus a more general behavioral addictions concept, the exploration of non-addiction approaches, and the unbiased exploration of clinical approaches that treat potentially underlying issues such as depressive mood or social anxiety first. We acknowledge there could be benefits to formalizing gaming disorder, many of which were highlighted by colleagues in their commentaries, but we think they do not yet outweigh the wider societal and public health risks involved. Given the gravity of diagnostic classification and its wider societal impact, we urge our colleagues at the WHO to err on the side of caution for now and postpone the formalization.

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Section: Commentaries and Debate Papermentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Commentaries and Debate Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Commentaries and Debate Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution

Rooij¹,

Ferguson²,

Carras³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the commentaries that discuss our debate paper ( Billieux, King, et al., 2017 ; Griffiths, Kuss, Lopez-Fernandez, & Pontes, 2017 ; Higuchi et al., 2017 ; James & Tunney, 2017 ; Király & Demetrovics, 2017 ; Lee, Choo, & Lee, 2017 ; Müller & Wölfling, 2017 ; Saunders et al., 2017 ; Shadloo et al., 2017 ; Van den Brink, 2017 ). The authors of this response paper agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems.…”

Section: Commentaries and Debate Papermentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Much confusion remains – even among authors supporting the diagnosis – regarding what, exactly, the gaming disorder is. Would a gaming disorder relate only to gambling oriented games or to video games more generally ( James & Tunney, 2017 )? Is the problem behavior caused by other underlying mental disorders ( Billieux, King, et al., 2017 ), or is it a consequence of alluring game mechanics ( James & Tunney, 2017 )?…”

Section: Commentaries and Debate Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the 10 commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that understanding this population and the nature and severity of the problems they experience should be a focus area for future research. However, moving from research construct to formal disorder requires a much stronger evidence base than we currently have. The burden of evidence and the clinical utility should be extremely high, because there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses. We provide suggestions about the level of evidence that might be required: transparent and preregistered studies, a better demarcation of the subject area that includes a rationale for focusing on gaming particularly versus a more general behavioral addictions concept, the exploration of non-addiction approaches, and the unbiased exploration of clinical approaches that treat potentially underlying issues, such as depressive mood or social anxiety first. We acknowledge there could be benefits to formalizing gaming disorder, many of which were highlighted by colleagues in their commentaries, but we think they do not yet outweigh the wider societal and public health risks involved. Given the gravity of diagnostic classification and its wider societal impact, we urge our colleagues at the WHO to err on the side of caution for now and postpone the formalization.

show abstract

Social genomics of healthy and disordered internet gaming

Snodgrass

Dengah

Lacy

et al. 2018

American J Hum Biol

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Our study advances understanding of the psychobiology of play, demonstrating via novel transcriptomic methods the association of negatively experienced internet play with biological measures of chronic threat, uncertainty, and distress. Our findings are consistent with the view that problematic patterns of online gaming are a proxy for broader patterns of biopsychosocial stress and distress such as loneliness, rather than a psychiatric disorder sui generis, which might exist apart from gamers' other life problems. By confirming the biological correlates of certain patterns of internet gaming, culturally-sensitive genomics approaches such as this can inform both evolutionary theorizing regarding the nature of play, as well as current psychiatric debates about the appropriateness of modeling distressful gaming on substance addiction and problem gambling.

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The relationship between gaming disorder and addiction requires a behavioral analysis

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution

A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution

A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution

Social genomics of healthy and disordered internet gaming

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