The Relationship Between Fracture and Mortality in a Chinese Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients Cohort

Abstract

Background Patients on maintenance hemodialysis have an increased risk of fracture. However, the relationship between fracture and poor prognosis is not clear. Methods A total of 182 maintenance hemodialysis patients were enrolled in the study. The relationship between fracture and poor prognosis (cardiovascular events, stroke, malignancy and 5-year all-cause mortality) were analyzed. Results 21 of 182 patients had a history of fracture at the time of enrollment. 26 patients had a new fracture after enrollment. A total of 57 fractures occurred in 47 patients, the most common fracture site was the rib. Patients with fracture group had a higher proportion of elderly and female, higher serum phosphorus and B-type natriuretic peptide and lower hemoglobin, albumin, and potassium compared with those without fracture. Age ( OR=3.809, 95% CI: 1.064–8.966, p=0.038 ), hemoglobin ( OR=0.961, 95% CI: 0.925–0.997, p=0.035 ), and serum phosphorus ( OR=3.325, 95% CI:1.104–10.019, p=0.033 ) were the independent risk factors of new fractures in MHD patients. The incidence of malignancy and 5-year all-cause mortality in patients with fracture was higher than those without fracture ( p<0.05 ). But there was no significant difference in the incidence of acute myocardial infarction or stroke. Conclusion 25.8% of maintenance hemodialysis patients had at least one fracture, with rib fractures accounting for the highest proportion. Age, hemoglobin and serum phosphorus were the independent risk factors of new fractures. The incidence of malignancy and 5-year all-cause mortality in patients with fracture was higher than those without fracture, but there was no significant difference in the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and stroke.