The relationship between female body size and survival rate of the malaria vector <i>Anopheles arabiensis</i> in Ethiopia

Ameneshewa, Birkinesh

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2915.1996.tb00724.x

Cited by 113 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…That said, human malaria parasites do require mosquito resources for development [74][75][76][77] so there is no reason to think that host condition is unimportant. Several previous studies have demonstrated effects of larval density on adult traits including body size [15,55,56], survival [52], blood intake, and mating competitiveness [78,79] suggesting our results to be robust. Comparative differences might be enhanced or diminished in the face of the complexity that exists in the field.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Further, although larval development is not a direct component of vectorial capacity, it will affect vector population growth rates and possibly vector density (depending on the nature of the density dependence [50]). Adult survival has also been shown to be affected by quality of larval habitat in other mosquitoes [51,52]. One recent study suggested that quality of larval habitat had no effect on subsequent survival of adult An.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Capacity of mosquitoes to transmit malaria depends on larval environment

Moller-Jacobs

Murdock

Thomas

2014

Parasites & Vectors

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Background: Adult traits of holometabolous insects such as reproduction and survival can be shaped by conditions experienced during larval development. These "carry-over" effects influence not only individual life history and fitness, but can also impact interactions between insect hosts and parasites. Despite this, the implications of larval conditions for the transmission of human, wildlife and plant diseases that are vectored by insects remain poorly understood. Methods: We used Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes and the rodent malaria, Plasmodium yoelii yoelii, to investigate whether quality of larval habitat influenced vectorial capacity of adult mosquitoes. Larvae were reared under two dietary conditions; one group received a diet commonly used for colony maintenance (0.3 mg/individual/day of Tetrafin fish food) while the other group received a reduced food diet (0.1 mg/individual/day). Upon emergence, adults were provided an infectious blood feed. We assessed the effects of diet on a range of larval and adult traits including larval development times and survival, number of emerging adults, adult body size and survival, gonotrophic cycle length, and mating success. We also estimated the effects of larval diet on parasite infection rates and growth kinetics within the adult mosquitoes. Results: Larval dietary regime affected larval survival and development, as well as size, reproductive success and survival of adult mosquitoes. Larval diet also affected the intensity of initial Plasmodium infection (oocyst stage) and parasite replication, but without differences in overall infection prevalence at either the oocyst or sporozoite stage. Conclusions: Together, the combined effects led to a relative reduction in vectorial capacity (a measure of the transmission potential of a mosquito population) in the low food treatment of 70%. This study highlights the need to consider environmental variation at the larval stages to better understand transmission dynamics and control of vectorborne diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity of mosquitoes to transmit malaria depends on larval environment

Moller-Jacobs

Murdock

Thomas

2014

Parasites & Vectors

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“…The relationship between wing length and body mass is variable, and its exact nature can differ between mosquitoes of different species, strain and rearing background (Nasci, 1990;Siegel et al, 1992;Siegel et al, 1994). Despite this limitation, Anopheline mosquito wing length has consistently been shown to be a significant predictor of traits such as fecundity and survival (Ameneshewa and Service, 1996;Hogg et al, 1996;Kittayapong et al, 1992;Lehmann et al, 2006;Lyimo and Takken, 1993), and thus was selected as a useful approximator of mosquito fitness for our purposes.…”

Section: Field Collection and Dissectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature beats nurture: a case study of the physiological fitness of free-living and laboratory-reared maleAnopheles gambiae s.l.

Huho

Ng’habi

Killeen

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Laboratory experimentation forms the basis for most of our knowledge of the biology of many organisms, in particular insects. However, the accuracy with which laboratory-derived estimates of insect life history and behaviour can predict their fitness and population dynamics in the wild is rarely validated. Such comparison is especially important in cases where laboratory-derived information is used to formulate and implement strategies for the genetic control of insects in nature. We have conducted a comparative study of the reproductive potential and life history of male Anopheles gambiaeGilies sensu lato mosquitoes from both standardized laboratory conditions and from natural field settings. We measured three indirect indicators of male mosquito fitness: energetic reserves, body size and survival, in a bid to determine whether the demographics and energetic limitations of wild males can be correctly predicted from their laboratory counterparts. Crucially, the body size and lipid reserves of wild males were substantially greater than those reared under standard laboratory conditions. We caution that the energetic limitations of insects as identified in the laboratory may underestimate their resilience in the wild, and discuss the implications of this phenomenon with respect to vector-borne disease control programmes based on genetic control of mosquitoes.

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“…arabiensis and An. gambiae are often found to share larval habitats [20]. A clear difference in requirements for the larval environment of the two species has not been observed, but is subject of discussion.…”

Section: Ecology Of Mosquitoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The time to develop from an egg into an adult, combined with larval survivorship, determines the numbers of emerging mosquitoes over time. The size of the emerging adults is of importance, as larger females have been found to survive longer and have a greater fecundity [20]. Smaller and virgin females on the other hand require a second or third blood meal in order to develop mature eggs, prolonging the time to their first oviposition [21].…”

Section: Habitat Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anopheline Mosquitoes and the Malaria Scourge

Nwabor

2015

ILNS

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ABSTRACT. The high prevalence of malaria in Africa has defiled many strategies aimed at its eradication. Researchers from various fields have tried without success in this fight against mosquito and its malaria disease. Annually billions of dollars are spent in the design of programs which are aimed at combating this dreaded disease. However all this spending seems to go down the drain as malaria and its vector mosquitoes celebrate their unflinching victory. Current control measures focusing on ways of preventing the disease vis-a -vis, protect man from the vectors "anopheline mosquito" are the mainstay of malaria prevention and control. Many of these control measures are operational with each contributing in its little way. The use of Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLITN) and Indoor Residual Sprays (IRS) are well established strategies with global recognition and currently ongoing in Africa. However, as a result of shortcomings in these major control measures, new strategies with hopes of blissful success are been sought after. Larviciding (abortion of metamorphosis) and constant and adequate environmental sanitation seems to be the next option available for use. This article therefore takes a look at the vector-anopheline mosquito, its ecology, productivity and distribution. It also considers malaria and the various control and preventive measures currently targeted at its eradication.

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The relationship between female body size and survival rate of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia

Cited by 113 publications

References 15 publications

Capacity of mosquitoes to transmit malaria depends on larval environment

Capacity of mosquitoes to transmit malaria depends on larval environment

Nature beats nurture: a case study of the physiological fitness of free-living and laboratory-reared maleAnopheles gambiae s.l.

Anopheline Mosquitoes and the Malaria Scourge

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