“…COVID-19, directly and indirectly, affects people’s mental health through decreased employment, fear triggered by media coverage, isolation, and so on (Falk et al, 2020). Some studies have demonstrated psychological problems such as increased psychological stress (Dyer et al, 2023), depression and anxiety (Bartone et al, 2022; Güdül Öz and Nazik, 2023; Rudenstine et al, 2022), increased suicidal ideation (Liu et al, 2023; Narita et al, 2023; Olié et al, 2022), insomnia (AlRasheed et al, 2022), post-traumatic stress disorder (Hébert et al, 2022), and severe emotional exhaustion (Carranza Esteban et al, 2022) during the pandemic. However, relevant studies have mainly focused on the mediating and direct effects of COVID-19 on mental health and illness, lacking attention to the differences in its effects caused by the neighborhood environment.…”