The relationship between de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and low-temperature carbon gasification in fly ash

Milligan, Michael S.; Altwicker, Elmar R.

doi:10.1021/es00045a015

Cited by 129 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…13 A similar trend was observed in the fly ash samples-the PCDD/F TEQs were generally higher in fly ash samples from SIs than in those from MSWIs. Although the mechanism of formation of PCDD/Fs present in fly ash has been extensively studied, [14][15][16] Table 2 shows the flue gas treatment systems of incinerators tested. For the stack gas samples, the hierarchical cluster analysis resulted in four sample groups ( Figure 1); 68.3% of the variance is accounted for by the first principal component (x axis) and 14.4% is accounted for by the second principal component (y axis).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels and Characteristic Homologue Patterns of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Various Incinerator Emissions and in Air Collected Near an Incinerator

Chang

Ikonomou

2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were monitored in stack gas and fly ash of various Korean incinerators and in air samples collected near the facilities. Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in emissions were investigated, and characteristic PCDD/F homologue patterns were classified using statistical analyses. The PCDD/F emission levels in stack gas and fly ash samples from small incinerators (SIs) were higher than those from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs). The PCDD/F concentrations ranged between 0.38 and 1.16 pg I-TEQ/m 3 (21.2-75.2 pg/m 3 ) in ambient air samples. The lower-chlorinated furans were the dominant components in most of the stack gas and fly ash samples from SIs, although this was not the case for fly ash from MSWIs. This homologue pattern is consistent with other studies reporting a high fraction of lower-chlorinated furans in most environmental samples affected by incinerator emissions, and it can be used as an indicator to assess the impact of such facilities on the surrounding environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels and Characteristic Homologue Patterns of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Various Incinerator Emissions and in Air Collected Near an Incinerator

Chang

Ikonomou

2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…It is widely recognized that fly ash is a matrix on which heterogeneous catalyzed reactions occur, so it was used as the matrix for the thermal experiments described here, offering the advantage that as close as possible to a ''real'' active surface (Milligan and Altwicker, 1993;Addink and Olie, 1995;Pekárek et al, 2007). Fly ash was collected from a reverberatory furnace of a secondary copper smelter in eastern China.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we speculated that the fly ash we had prepared could lead to the formation of PCNs under favorable conditions. The fly ash had a high surface area obviously mean that the surface and external reactants involved in reactants could easily come into contact with each other (Milligan and Altwicker, 1993). The detailed fly ash characterization information is given in Tables S1-S3.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fly ash-mediated formation of polychlorinated naphthalenes during secondary copper smelting and mechanistic aspects

2015

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“…Fly ash contains all material that is required for reactions yielding PCDD/F: carbon [5], small organic compounds [6], metal ions [7] and inorganic chloride [8]. The macromolecular carbon structure on the fly ash surface is catalytically oxidized to a great range of compounds, including PCDD/F.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desorption behaviour of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans on a packed fly ash bed

1995

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Desorption behaviour of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans on a packed fly ash bed. Addink, R.; Govers, H.A.J.; Olie, K. Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Dechlorination/decomposition and desorption are competing processes. In this paper the desorption was studied: within PCDD/F homologues, all isomers desorb at an equal rate. Obviously, values of the activation energy of desorption from the fly ash surface (ACY~39S,d.) do not differ significantly between these isomers.

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The relationship between de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and low-temperature carbon gasification in fly ash

Cited by 129 publications

References 26 publications

Levels and Characteristic Homologue Patterns of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Various Incinerator Emissions and in Air Collected Near an Incinerator

Levels and Characteristic Homologue Patterns of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Various Incinerator Emissions and in Air Collected Near an Incinerator

Fly ash-mediated formation of polychlorinated naphthalenes during secondary copper smelting and mechanistic aspects

Desorption behaviour of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans on a packed fly ash bed

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