“…If online teachers want to create a good Col, they must promote deep learning and provide learning retention (Rovai, 2002;Shea, 2006), create interaction with interactive tools and sustain collaborative learning among learners that are used for scaffolding (Garrison & Anderson, 2003;Garrison et al, 2000;Richardson & Swan, 2003), use reflective questioning and critical inquiry (Bangert, 2008), use formative feedback in the assessment (Shea, 2006), create instructor or learner based activities for different course content (Akyol et al, 2010;Arbaugh & Benbunan-Fich, 2005), develop flexibility and individualized course content for students' learning style, readiness, learning approach and other individual differences (Horzum, 2007(Horzum, , 2011(Horzum, , 2015.…”