The Relationship between Cortisol and the Hippocampal Volume in Depressed Patients – A MRI Pilot Study

Moica, Theodor; Gligor, Adrian; Moica, Sorina

doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2016.01.156

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this paper, we showed the significantly reduced hippocampal volume and the increased serum corticosterone level in the corticosterone‐induced mouse depression model. The negative association of hippocampal volume and serum glucocorticoid level has been reported as well in some studies on patients with Cushing's syndrome (Starkman et al ., ) or major depressive disorder (Moica et al ., ). Interestingly, our results also revealed that GTSM or GTSH treatment reversed the corticosterone‐induced hippocampal atrophy without reducing the elevated serum corticosterone level, which implies that the recovery of hippocampal volume is not always dependent on the normalization of serum corticosterone levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Preventive Effects of Ginseng Total Saponins on Chronic Corticosterone‐Induced Impairment in Astrocyte Structural Plasticity and Hippocampal Atrophy

Chen

Wang

Lin

et al. 2017

Phytotherapy Research

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To further explore the underlying antidepressant mechanism of ginseng total saponins (GTS), this study observed the effects on hippocampal astrocyte structural plasticity and hippocampal volume in the corticosterone-induced mouse depression model. Corticosterone (20 mg/kg/day) was administered subcutaneously for 5 weeks, and GTS (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg/day; namely GTSL, GTSM, and GTSH) or fluoxetine (10 mg/kg/day) were given intragastrically during the last 3 weeks. On day 33 and day 34, depression-like behavior was observed via a forced swimming test and a tail suspension test, respectively. At 6 h after the last dose of corticosterone (day 35), all mice were sacrificed followed by serum corticosterone assays, stereological analysis of hippocampal glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive (GFAP ) astroctyes and hippocampal volume, and hippocampal glycogen tests. Results showed that all doses of GTS ameliorated depression-like behavior and the decrease in hippocampal glycogen without normalizing hypercortisolism. Moreover, GTSH and GTSM reversed the corticosterone-induced reduction in the total number of hippocampal GFAP astrocytes and hippocampal volume. Additionally, GTSH alleviated the diminished protrusion length and somal volume of GFAP astrocytes induced by corticosterone. These findings imply that the effects of GTS on corticosterone-induced depression-like behavior may be mediated partly through the protection to hippocampal astrocyte structural plasticity. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Preventive Effects of Ginseng Total Saponins on Chronic Corticosterone‐Induced Impairment in Astrocyte Structural Plasticity and Hippocampal Atrophy

Chen

Wang

Lin

et al. 2017

Phytotherapy Research

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“…In addition, other studies have found that the volume of the prefrontal lobe in individuals who experience chronic and stable stress is smaller than that in the controls. Meanwhile, the decrease in hippocampus volume caused by chronic stress, consistent with the upregulation of cortisol and IL-1β, is considered one of the neural bases of MDD [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. It can further affect cognitive functions of reasoning, problem-solving, planning and strategy, analysis, behavioral decision making and inhibition, memory, etc., in patients with MDD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Treatment with Probiotics on Cognitive Function and Regulatory Role of Cortisol and IL-1β in Adolescent Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Shi,

Zhang,

Kong

2023

Life

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotics on cognitive function and the regulation of cortisol and IL-1β in adolescents with depression. All 180 participants were randomly assigned to a study group (treated with probiotics combined with sertraline hydrochloride) and a control group (treated with sertraline hydrochloride). The repetitive Neuropsychological State Test (RBANS) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were administered to MDD patients. The levels of serum cortisol and IL-1β were detected using an ELISA kit. Except for speech function, factors including immediate memory, visual span, attention function, delayed memory, and the RBANS in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The levels of cortisol and interleukin-1β in the study group were significantly downregulated compared to those in the control group. Except for speech function, the cortisol level was negatively correlated with the RBANS total score and other factors in the study group. Interleukin-1β was also negatively correlated with the RBANS total score and each factor score. Cortisol and interleukin-1β were predictors of the RBANS total score, which explained 46.80% of the variance. Cortisol had significant predictive effects on attention function and delayed memory, and interleukin-1β had significant predictive effects on visual span and speech function. It could be concluded that probiotics could improve cognitive function in adolescents with depression by regulating cortisol and IL-1β levels.

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“…Not much has been reported about how acute stress affect the volumes of the hippocampus. Previous studies have reported a 3% reduction in hippocampal volume in rats after exposure to chronic stress [ 40 - 45 ]. The neuronal loss caused by stress in the hippocampus could be one of the explanations for the reduction in the volume of the hippocampus [ 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boophone disticha attenuates five day repeated forced swim-induced stress and adult hippocampal neurogenesis impairment in male Balb/c mice

2022

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Depression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders and is associated with dysfunction of the neuroendocrine system and alterations in specific brain proteins. Boophone disticha (BD) is an indigenous psychoactive bulb that belongs to the Amaryllidacae family, which is widely used in Southern Africa to treat depression, with scientific evidence of potent antidepressant-like effects. The present study examined the antidepressant effects of BD and its mechanisms of action by measuring some behavioural parameters in the elevated plus maze, brain content of corticosterone, brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampus of Balb/c mice exposed to the five day repeated forced swim stress (5d-RFSS). Male Balb/c mice were subjected to the 5d-RFSS protocol to induce depressive-like behaviour (decreased swimming, increased floating, decreased open arm entry, decreased time spent in the open arms and decreased head dips in the elevated plus maze test) and treated with distilled water, fluoxetine and BD. BD treatment (10 mg/kg/p.o for 3 weeks) significantly attenuated the 5d-RFSS-induced behavioural abnormalities and the elevated serum corticosterone levels observed in stressed mice. Additionally, 5d-RFSS exposure significantly decreased the number of neuroblasts in the hippocampus and BDNF levels in the brain of Balb/c mice, while fluoxetine and BD treatment attenuated these changes. The antidepressant effects of BD were comparable to those of fluoxetine, but unlike fluoxetine, BD did not show any anxiogenic effects, suggesting better pharmacological functions. In conclusion, our study shows that BD exerted antidepressant-like effects in 5d-RFSS mice, mediated in part by normalizing brain corticosterone and BDNF levels.

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The Relationship between Cortisol and the Hippocampal Volume in Depressed Patients – A MRI Pilot Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Preventive Effects of Ginseng Total Saponins on Chronic Corticosterone‐Induced Impairment in Astrocyte Structural Plasticity and Hippocampal Atrophy

Preventive Effects of Ginseng Total Saponins on Chronic Corticosterone‐Induced Impairment in Astrocyte Structural Plasticity and Hippocampal Atrophy

Effects of Treatment with Probiotics on Cognitive Function and Regulatory Role of Cortisol and IL-1β in Adolescent Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Boophone disticha attenuates five day repeated forced swim-induced stress and adult hippocampal neurogenesis impairment in male Balb/c mice

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