The Relationship between Cortical Magnification Factor and Population Receptive Field Size in Human Visual Cortex: Constancies in Cortical Architecture

Harvey, Ben M.; Dumoulin, Serge O.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2572-11.2011

Cited by 298 publications

(400 citation statements)

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“…Calculating the full-width-half-max for these Gaussians increases it's size by a factor of $2.35. For early visual areas such as V1-3, estimated population receptive field size at an eccentricity of 8°ranges from 2°to 4° (Amano et al, 2009;Harvey & Dumoulin, 2011;Zuiderbaan, Harvey, & Dumoulin, 2012). As such it is very unlikely that adaptation in these areas underlie the duration after-effect reported here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…As such it is very unlikely that adaptation in these areas underlie the duration after-effect reported here. For later visual areas such as V4, lateral occipital cortex (LO), and middle temporal visual areas (MT/MST), these estimates are much larger (6-14°) (Amano et al, 2009;Harvey & Dumoulin, 2011;Winawer et al, 2010). This relatively large size (FWHM: $14.1-32.9°) makes it more difficult to exclude these areas based on the distances measured here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…This is the result of differences in receptive field size of individual neurons in different cortical areas. For early visual areas such as V1, receptive fields have been found to be as small as 0.5°, with the estimate receptive field size steadily increasing along the visual processing hierarchy (Amano, Wandell, & Dumoulin, 2009;Dumoulin & Wandell, 2008;Harvey & Dumoulin, 2011;Smith et al, 2001). This characteristic has often been used to dissociate between processes occurring at different levels of the visual processing hierarchy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation of the spatial selectivity of the duration after-effect

et al. 2017

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a b s t r a c tAdaptation to the duration of a visual stimulus causes the perceived duration of a subsequently presented stimulus with a slightly different duration to be skewed away from the adapted duration. This pattern of repulsion following adaptation is similar to that observed for other visual properties, such as orientation, and is considered evidence for the involvement of duration-selective mechanisms in duration encoding. Here, we investigated whether the encoding of duration -by duration-selective mechanisms -occurs early on in the visual processing hierarchy. To this end, we investigated the spatial specificity of the duration after-effect in two experiments. We measured the duration after-effect at adapter-test distances ranging between 0 and 15°of visual angle and for within-and between-hemifield presentations. We replicated the duration after-effect: the test stimulus was perceived to have a longer duration following adaptation to a shorter duration, and a shorter duration following adaptation to a longer duration. Importantly, this duration after-effect occurred at all measured distances, with no evidence for a decrease in the magnitude of the after-effect at larger distances or across hemifields. This shows that adaptation to duration does not result from adaptation occurring early on in the visual processing hierarchy. Instead, it seems likely that duration information is a high-level stimulus property that is encoded later on in the visual processing hierarchy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation of the spatial selectivity of the duration after-effect

et al. 2017

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“…Here we used quantitative pRF analysis (34,(46)(47)(48) to study the properties of spared V1 cortex in five patients with chronic postchiasmatic lesions resulting in homonymous visual field quadrantanopia. We derived detailed retinotopic maps and visual field coverage maps of spared area V1 for each patient and made the following observations: (i) The spared V1 region of the lesioned hemisphere retained its coarse retinotopic organization, as described previously (35,45), the V1/V2 border remained stable, and retinotopic maps showed a monotonic progression of phase, as expected; and (ii) visual field coverage maps of the spared V1 area generally did not exactly match the area of the dense perimetric scotoma (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population receptive field analysis of the primary visual cortex complements perimetry in patients with homonymous visual field defects

Papanikolaou

Keliris

Papageorgiou

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Injury to the primary visual cortex (V1) typically leads to loss of conscious vision in the corresponding, homonymous region of the contralateral visual hemifield (scotoma). Several studies suggest that V1 is highly plastic after injury to the visual pathways, whereas others have called this conclusion into question. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure area V1 population receptive field (pRF) properties in five patients with partial or complete quadrantic visual field loss as a result of partial V1+ or optic radiation lesions. Comparisons were made with healthy controls deprived of visual stimulation in one quadrant ["artificial scotoma" (AS)]. We observed no large-scale changes in spared-V1 topography as the V1/V2 border remained stable, and pRF eccentricity versus cortical-distance plots were similar to those of controls. Interestingly, three observations suggest limited reorganization: (i) the distribution of pRF centers in spared-V1 was shifted slightly toward the scotoma border in 2 of 5 patients compared with AS controls; (ii) pRF size in spared-V1 was slightly increased in patients near the scotoma border; and (iii) pRF size in the contralesional hemisphere was slightly increased compared with AS controls. Importantly, pRF measurements yield information about the functional properties of spared-V1 cortex not provided by standard perimetry mapping. In three patients, spared-V1 pRF maps overlapped significantly with dense regions of the perimetric scotoma, suggesting that pRF analysis may help identify visual field locations amenable to rehabilitation. Conversely, in the remaining two patients, spared-V1 pRF maps failed to cover sighted locations in the perimetric map, indicating the existence of V1-bypassing pathways able to mediate useful vision.cortical blindness | quadrantanopia | plasticity | retinotopy | hemianopia C ortical damage of the visual pathway often results from posterior or middle cerebral artery infarcts, hemorrhages, and other brain injuries. The most common visual cortex lesions involve the primary visual cortex (V1), the chief relayer of visual information to higher visual areas. Damage to area V1 or its primary inputs leads to the loss of conscious vision in the corresponding region of the contralateral visual hemifield, producing a dense contralateral scotoma that often covers a hemifield (hemianopia) or a single visual field quadrant (quadrantanopia).A much-debated issue is whether the adult V1 is able to reorganize after injury. Reorganization refers to long-term changes in the neuronal circuit (1) and generally requires the growth of new anatomic connections or a permanent change in the strength of existing connections. Several studies report significant remapping in area V1 of patients suffering from macular degeneration and other retinal lesions (2-12). The extent of this remapping has recently been called into question, however (1,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Less is known about how the visual system remaps to cover the visual field after injury to a...

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“…Do numerosity tuning widths likewise differ between numerosity maps? To examine average tuning widths without biases arising from different preferred numerosity distributions, we quantified the fitted progression of tuning widths at a preferred numerosity of three 23 . We found no hemisphere difference or interactions, so used a two-way ANOVA across both hemispheres for effects of map and subject (n = 60 numerosity maps).…”

Section: Nature Human Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

A network of topographic numerosity maps in human association cortex

2017

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Sensory and motor cortices each contain multiple topographic maps with the structure of sensory organs (such as the retina or cochlea) mapped onto the cortical surface. These sensory maps are hierarchically organized. For example, visual field maps contain neurons that represent increasingly large parts of visual space with increasingly complex responses 1 . Some visual neurons respond to stimuli with a particular numerositythe number of objects in a set. We recently discovered a parietal topographic numerosity map in which neural numerosity preferences progress gradually across the cortical surface . Here we use ultra-highfield (7 Tesla, 7T) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and neural-model-based analyses to reveal numerosityselective neural populations organized into six widely separated topographic maps in each hemisphere. Although we describe subtle differences between these maps, their properties are very similar, unlike in sensory map hierarchies. These maps are found in areas implicated in object recognition, motion perception, attention control, decision-making and mathematics. Multiple numerosity maps may allow interactions with these cognitive systems, suggesting a broad role for quantity processing in supporting many perceptual and cognitive functions.Topographic maps have an orderly organization of neurons with similar functions. The close proximity of neurons with similar functions minimizes local connection lengths to increase neural processing efficiency [10][11][12] . Furthermore, topographic maps allow simple one-to-one projections between maps. Finally, most neural processes are context-dependent. Topographic maps allow easy computations of context through comparisons between neighbouring neurons. Therefore, topographic organization has several benefits and gives a theoretical framework to explain why maps emerge in cognitive processing, as we recently demonstrated 2 and extend here. Together with this numerosity map, we also demonstrated that another quantity, object size, is processed in a distinct object size map that largely overlaps with this parietal numerosity map, showing correlated numerosity and object size preferences 13 . The parietal numerosity map that we have described encompasses part of a network implicated in numerosity processing, extending into occipital, parietal and frontal areas [14][15][16][17][18][19] . The fine-scale organization elsewhere in this numerosity network is unknown. We hypothesize that, like sensory maps, a hierarchy of several numerosity maps throughout human association cortices underlies this numerosity network. To investigate this hypothesis, we adapted our approach to reconstruct numerosity maps throughout the brain.We displayed visual stimuli of changing numerosity while collecting ultra-high-field (7T) fMRI data covering the occipital, parietal, posterior-superior frontal and temporal lobes. We distinguished between responses to numerosity and co-varying stimulus features using several stimulus configurations 2,16 . We summarized the fMRI...

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The Relationship between Cortical Magnification Factor and Population Receptive Field Size in Human Visual Cortex: Constancies in Cortical Architecture

Cited by 298 publications

References 50 publications

An investigation of the spatial selectivity of the duration after-effect

An investigation of the spatial selectivity of the duration after-effect

Population receptive field analysis of the primary visual cortex complements perimetry in patients with homonymous visual field defects

A network of topographic numerosity maps in human association cortex

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