“…The finding that Jamaican students’ self‐system beliefs (e.g., self‐esteem, self‐concept, self‐confidence, and self‐efficacy) are a determinant of academic motivation and learning also converges with the existing literature. Evidences accumulated from studies from various countries including Turkey (Isiksal, ; Sadi & Uyar, ), Israel (Abu‐Saad, ), Italy (Zanobini & Usai, ), Norway (Skaalvik & Valas, ), South Africa (van dan Berg & Coetzee, ), Pakistan (Awan, Noureen, & Naz, ), and Australia (Green, Nelson, Martin, & Marsh, ; McInerney, ) have documented the critical role of students’ self‐system beliefs in impacting academic‐related behaviours such as persistence, effort, cognitive strategy use, and achievement. For example, Watkins () conducted a meta‐analysis consisting of approximately 8,000 subjects from eight Western and non‐Western countries and concluded that the results are consistent with the theoretical position that a positive sense of self fosters positive academic‐related behaviours across a variety of cultures.…”