The Relationship Between Central Auditory Tests and Neurocognitive Domains in Adults Living With HIV

Niemczak, Christopher E.; Lichtenstein, Jonathan D.; Magohe, Albert; Amato, Jennifer; Fellows, Abigail; Gui, Jiang; Huang, Michael C.; Rieke, Catherine C.; Massawe, Enica Richard; Boivin, Michael J.; Moshi, Ndeserua; Buckey, Jay C.

doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.696513

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…The maturation of the ABR wave V amplitude increases monotonically through 6 months of age, then increases abruptly, reaching a plateau at 2 to 4 years . Given the mean age of both groups (approximately 7.2 years), it is unlikely that differences between groups are due to maturation but are consistent with subclinical dysfunction in central auditory pathways in HIV …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Since HIV affects the central nervous system, it is possible that HIV directly affects the central auditory pathways . HIV does not invade neurons directly but can still cause indirect damage via inflammation and glial cell infection .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects on DPOAEs could also be due to changes in the central nervous system. Our previous studies have shown that HIV affects the brain and central auditory processing . This could affect efferent auditory pathways, which directly influence outer hair cell motility and potentially DPOAE amplitudes .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,8,21 Since HIV affects the central nervous system, it is possible that HIV directly affects the central auditory pathways. [21][22][23] HIV does not invade neurons directly but can still cause indirect damage via inflammation and glial cell infection. 24 HIV can also be detected in the central nervous system as early as 8 days after exposure, meaning any effects on the central nervous system could be immediate and evidenced in a pediatric population.…”

Section: Jama Network Open | Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous studies have shown that HIV affects the brain and central auditory processing. 2,11,21 This could affect efferent auditory pathways, which directly influence outer hair cell motility and potentially DPOAE amplitudes. 28 The efferent auditory pathway enhances the detection of speech perception in noise 29,30 and maintains efficiency of cochlear function (ie, traveling wave).…”

Section: Jama Network Open | Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peripheral Auditory Function in Tanzanian Children Living With HIV With Clinically Normal Hearing

et al. 2023

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ImportanceDespite normal audiometry, adults living with HIV have lower distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) compared with HIV-negative controls, but the degree of these differences in children living with HIV is unknown. If subclinical auditory deficits are present, results could affect developmental outcomes in children living with HIV (CLWH).ObjectiveTo compare DPOAEs and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) between 2 age- and sex-matched groups of younger children with normal audiometry, 1 infected with HIV and the other uninfected.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCohort study in an infectious disease center in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Participants included 340 Tanzanian children aged 3 to 9 years with clinically normal hearing, type A tympanograms bilaterally, and air-conduction thresholds of 20 dB HL or less from 0.5 to 8 kHz. Participants in the cohort repeated testing approximately every 6 months (approximately 2.2 sessions per participant) for a total of 744 total observations. Data were analyzed from March 2020 to January 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDPOAE amplitudes from 1.5 to 8 kHz using an f2 to f1 ratio of 1.2 and L1/L2 values of 65/55 dB sound pressure level and click-evoked ABR using a slow (21.1/s) and fast (61.1/s) click rate.ResultsA total of 141 CLWH (70 female participants [49.3%]; mean [SD] age, 7.24 [1.67] years) and 199 HIV-negative individuals (99 female participants [49.7%]; mean [SD] age, 7.26 [1.44] years) participated in the study. The groups did not differ significantly in age, static immittance, or air-conduction thresholds. HIV status was independently associated with approximately 1.4 dB (95% CI, −3.28 to 0.30 dB) to 3.8 dB (95% CI, 6.03 to −1.99 dB) lower DPOAE amplitudes at 6 and 8 kHz bilaterally and 0.28 μV (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.33 μV) lower ABR wave V amplitudes in the right ear.Conclusions and RelevanceConsistent with previous findings in young adults, CLWH had slightly, but reliably, lower DPOAEs and ABR wave V amplitudes than HIV-negative controls. The magnitude of these differences was small, but results suggest an early and consistent association between HIV infection or treatment and outer hair cell and auditory brainstem responses in children as young as 3 years. These subclinical changes suggest tracking both auditory function and development outcomes in CLWH is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jama Network Open | Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jama Network Open | Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peripheral Auditory Function in Tanzanian Children Living With HIV With Clinically Normal Hearing

et al. 2023

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Using Objective Vision Measures to Explore the Association of Vision Impairment With Cognition Among Older Adults in the United States

Almidani

Varadaraj

Mihailović

et al. 2023

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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Central auditory test performance predicts future neurocognitive function in children living with and without HIV

Joseph,

Niemczak,

Lichtenstein

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Tests of the brain’s ability to process complex sounds (central auditory tests) correlate with overall measures of neurocognitive performance. In the low- middle-income countries where resources to conduct detailed cognitive testing is limited, tests that assess the central auditory system may provide a novel and useful way to track neurocognitive performance. This could be particularly useful for children living with HIV (CLWH). To evaluate this, we administered central auditory tests to CLWH and children living without HIV and examined whether central auditory tests given early in a child’s life could predict later neurocognitive performance. We used a machine learning technique to incorporate factors known to affect performance on neurocognitive tests, such as education. The results show that central auditory tests are useful predictors of neurocognitive performance and perform as well or in some cases better than factors such as education. Central auditory tests may offer an objective way to track neurocognitive performance in CLWH.

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The Relationship Between Central Auditory Tests and Neurocognitive Domains in Adults Living With HIV

Cited by 10 publications

References 73 publications

Peripheral Auditory Function in Tanzanian Children Living With HIV With Clinically Normal Hearing

Peripheral Auditory Function in Tanzanian Children Living With HIV With Clinically Normal Hearing

Using Objective Vision Measures to Explore the Association of Vision Impairment With Cognition Among Older Adults in the United States

Central auditory test performance predicts future neurocognitive function in children living with and without HIV

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