The relationship between carers’ report of autistic traits and clinical diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders in adults with intellectual disability

Bhaumik, Sabyasachi; Tyrer, Freya; Barrett, Mary Jo; Tin, Nyunt Nyunt; McGrother, Catherine W.; Kiani, Reza

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.01.012

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For the first phase of the study, as validated in previous research [Bhaumik et al, ], ASD was considered more likely if there were four or more autistic traits on the register database as collected by the register interviewers using the Disability Assessment Schedule [Holmes, Shah, & Wing, ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bhaumik et al [] found that carers' report of autistic traits based on the Disability Assessment Schedule could be used as a proxy measure for autism in adults with ID. Autistic traits comprised impairments/deficits in: (a) speech/communication; (b) social skills; or (c) empathy and presence of (d) elaborate routines; or (e) stereotypies/repetitive behaviors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between symptoms of autism spectrum disorder and visual impairment among adults with intellectual disability

et al. 2019

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The higher prevalence of autism reported in blind children has been commonly attributed to the confounding effects of an underlying intellectual disability. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between symptoms of autism and blindness in adults with intellectual disability. We hypothesized that blindness can increase the probability of the autism phenotype, independent of known risk factors, that is, severity of intellectual disability and gender. A general population case register (population size of 0.7 million) was used to conduct two studies. The first study was on 3,138 adults with intellectual disability, using a validated autism risk indicator to study adults with visual impairment. This identified 386 adults with partial and complete visual impairment, both of which were associated with presence of high number of autistic traits (P < 0.001). The second study was only on those with congenital blindness using a standardized assessment tool, the Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Mental Retardation Scale. Those with hearing impairment or unilateral, partial, and acquired visual impairment were excluded. Control groups were randomly selected from those with normal hearing and vision. Prevalence of the autism phenotype was higher among those with congenital blindness (n = 46/60; 76.7%) than their controls (n = 36/67; 53.7%) and this association was statistically significant (adjusted odds ratio = 3.03; 95% confidence interval: 1.34-6.89; P = 0.008). Our results support the hypothesis that a congenital blindness independently affects psychosocial development and increases the probability of the autism phenotype. Early identification of autism could facilitate appropriate psychosocial interventions and educational opportunities to improve quality of life of people with blindness.Lay Summary: Although autism has been commonly reported in those with blindness, it is generally attributed to an accompanying intellectual disability. Current study, however, revealed that congenital blindness is independently associated with symptoms of autism. In spite of its high prevalence, autism can be overlooked in those with intellectual disability and blindness. Improving diagnosis in this population should, therefore, be advocated through raising awareness of this association to facilitate early access to services.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between symptoms of autism spectrum disorder and visual impairment among adults with intellectual disability

et al. 2019

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“…There are no simple screens for adults with intellectual disabilities -using the ''autism trait'' questions from the Disability Assessment Schedule is not a useful screening tool as it does not have adequate sensitivity nor specificity (Bhaumik et al, 2010).…”

Section: Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and assessment in autism spectrum disorders

Carpenter

2012

Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities

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Purpose -The paper aims to provide an overview of the current situation with diagnosis and assessment in autism spectrum disorders (ASD).Design/methodology/approach -The paper is a review of literature combined with personal observation of practice.Findings -Diagnosis cannot be determined by any one tool. It is a clinical judgement. A solo experienced clinician can make a diagnosis. Wider assessment is needed post diagnosis and needs a team.Practical implications -Specialist multidisciplinary teams to assess people with ASD should be set up for adults as well as for children.Originality/value -The paper is of value to those who are designing and providing diagnostic and assessment services. It provides a new review, covering a wider area.

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“…Carer information, for instance, may provide valuable details with respect to ASD in adults with an intellectual impairment (Bhaumik et al, 2010) and may be even more important in elderly patients. S C R E E N I N G I N S T R U M E N T S Several screening instruments have been developed for children with suspected ASD of which only the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT), the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) and the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) have been evaluated in sufficiently large populations (Berument et al, 1999).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing autism spectrum disorders in elderly people

Niekerk

Groen

Vissers

et al. 2010

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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The three case studies show that in clinical practice ASD can easily be missed in elderly individuals presenting with comorbid psychiatric disorders, potentially causing iatrogenic damage. Although further research on phenotyping and diagnosing ASD in older people is warranted, the most important step at this point is to create a greater awareness of the possibility of ASD in old age among health-care professionals working with people in this age group.

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The relationship between carers’ report of autistic traits and clinical diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders in adults with intellectual disability

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

The relationship between symptoms of autism spectrum disorder and visual impairment among adults with intellectual disability

The relationship between symptoms of autism spectrum disorder and visual impairment among adults with intellectual disability

Diagnosis and assessment in autism spectrum disorders

Diagnosing autism spectrum disorders in elderly people

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