The relationship between body weight concerns and adolescent smoking.

Camp, Diane E.; Klesges, Robert C.; Relyea, George

doi:10.1037/0278-6133.12.1.24

Cited by 202 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…For example, it has been reported that individuals with high contingent self-esteem are more likely to drink more alcohol and to be influenced by external pressure to consume alcohol (Neighbors, Larimer, Markman Geisner & Knee, 2004). Furthermore, being preoccupied with gaining approval from other people, as often is the case for individuals high in contingent self-esteem (Heppner & Kernis, 2011), has been linked to various health-detrimental behaviours such as smoking (Camp, Klesges, & Relyea, 1993), sunbathing (Leary & Jones, 1993) and engaging in unsafe sex (Abraham, Sheeran, Spears, & Abrams, 1992). Moreover, research findings have also suggested that individuals with high contingent self-esteem stand a greater risk of developing eating disorders (Crocker, 2002).…”

Section: Contingent Self-esteemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The moderating impact of self‐esteem on self‐affirmation effects

Düring

Jessop

2014

British J Health Psychol

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Objectives This study explored whether self‐esteem would moderate the effectiveness of a self‐affirmation manipulation at increasing openness to personally relevant health‐risk information. Design The study employed a prospective experimental design. Method Participants (N = 328) completed either a self‐affirmation manipulation or a control task, prior to reading information detailing the health‐related consequences of taking insufficient exercise. They then completed a series of measures assessing their cognitions towards exercise and their derogation of the information. Exercise behaviour was assessed at 1‐week follow‐up. Results Self‐esteem moderated the impact of self‐affirmation on the majority of outcomes. For participants with low self‐esteem, the self‐affirmation manipulation resulted in more positive attitudes and intentions towards exercise, together with lower levels of derogation of the health‐risk information. By contrast, there was no effect of the self‐affirmation manipulation on outcomes for participants with high self‐esteem. Conclusion Findings suggest that self‐affirmation manipulations might be of particular benefit for those with low self‐esteem in terms of promoting openness towards health‐risk information. This is promising from a health promotion perspective, as individuals with low self‐esteem often represent those most in need of intervention. What is already known on this subject? Self‐affirmation has been shown to result in more open processing of personally relevant health‐risk information. Individuals low in self‐esteem tend to process such information more defensively than those high in self‐esteem. What does this study add? It explores whether self‐esteem moderates the impact of self‐affirmation on responses to health‐risk information. Findings suggest that individuals with low self‐esteem benefit most from the self‐affirmation manipulation. This has important applied implications, as individuals with low self‐esteem may be most in need of intervention.

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Section: Contingent Self-esteemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The moderating impact of self‐esteem on self‐affirmation effects

Düring

Jessop

2014

British J Health Psychol

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“…18,19 Previous studies have demonstrated that almost 40% of adolescents believe that smoking can help control their weight. 20,21 Although the cross-sectional design of the study precludes any definitive conclusions on the relationship between smoking and weight loss, the finding of similar BMI as well as caloric and fat intake in both smokers and non-smokers argues against any major relationship between smoking and appetite suppression. Although there is ample evidence that smoking cessation in adults typically leads to 3 -5 kg weight gain, there is no evidence that smoking initiation leads to weight loss.…”

Section: Smoking and Weight Loss Attempts Rs Strauss And Hm Mirmentioning

confidence: 89%

Smoking and weight loss attempts in overweight and normal-weight adolescents

Strauss

Mir

2001

Int J Obes

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AIM: To explore the relationship between smoking and dieting in a cross-sectional nationally representative sample of young adolescents. METHODS: Smoking was assessed by serum cotinine concentrations in 1132 adolescents aged 12 -18 y enrolled in the NHANES III study. Information on adolescents' weight loss attempts were obtained by questionnaire. Normal weight was defined as a body mass index (BMI) less than the 85th percentile for age and gender. Overweight was defined as a BMI equal to or greater than the 85th percentile for age and gender. Nutritional intake was assessed with a 24 h recall and food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: There was a two-fold increase in smoking among normal-weight adolescent girls who reported trying to lose weight (23.7% vs 12.6%, P < 0.01). In contrast, prevalence of smoking was similar among overweight adolescent girls who tried to lose weight compared to those who did not (15.8% vs 14.1%, P ¼ 0.76). Similar trends were observed in boys. However, overweight boys who were trying to lose weight were less likely to smoke than overweight boys who were not trying to lose weight (9.8% vs 24.5%, P < 0.05). There were no differences in body weight, BMI, caloric intake or fat intake among smokers and non-smokers. However, smokers reported eating less fruit and vegetables compared to non-smokers, and were over five times more likely to drink alcohol compared to non-smokers (odds ratio: ! 1Â=month, 5.28 (3.82 -7.28), ! 4Â=month, 5.29 (3.58 -7.82). CONCLUSION: Tobacco use is common among normal weight adolescents trying to lose weight. Tobacco use is also associated with a cluster of other unhealthy dietary practices in adolescents.

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“…21 ± 23 The relationship between smoking and BMI could be mediated by the thermogenetic effect of smoking 24 or by the action of nicotine as an appetite suppressant. 25,26 Explanations for the inverse association of alcohol intake with obesity in women remains unclear. 27,28 It has been postulated that individuals drinking alcohol may have other lifestyle attributes which could compensate for the energy intake from alcohol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with obesity in South Asian, Afro-Caribbean and European women

1999

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate correlates of body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric measurements in South Asian, Afro-Caribbean and European women in the UK. SUBJECTS: 291 South Asian, 303 Afro-Caribbean, and 559 European women aged 40 ± 69 y in West London, UK. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: BMI, waist-to-height ratio (WHt), and skinfold thicknesses. RESULTS: Compared with European women, South Asian and Afro-Caribbean women were more like to be obese (odds ratios (OR) 1.83 and 3.01, respectively), but less likely to rate themselves as overweight (BMI-adjusted OR 0.19 and 0.34, respectively). The proportion of women who walked at least 2.5 kmad, excluding activity at work, was lower in South Asians (22%) than in Europeans (44%) or Afro-Caribbeans (40%). Among employed women, the proportion who were active at work was higher in South Asians (63%) and Afro-Caribbeans (70%) than in Europeans (49%). In Europeans, obesity was inversely associated with social class, education, smoking, alcohol intake, and distance walked, and positively associated with time spent watching television. Adjustment for alcohol intake, smoking, education and transport, physical activity explained over 80% of the difference in BMI between South Asians and Europeans, but not the difference between Afro-Caribbeans and Europeans. CONCLUSION: The factor that may be most amenable to intervention in South Asian women is low physical activity outside the workplace. The high prevalence of obesity in Afro-Caribbean women, however, is not accounted for by any behavioural factors measured in this study, and the reasons for high rates of obesity in this group remain to be established.

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The relationship between body weight concerns and adolescent smoking.

Cited by 202 publications

References 46 publications

The moderating impact of self‐esteem on self‐affirmation effects

The moderating impact of self‐esteem on self‐affirmation effects

Smoking and weight loss attempts in overweight and normal-weight adolescents

Factors associated with obesity in South Asian, Afro-Caribbean and European women

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