The Relationship between Body Composition and a Gluten Free Diet in Children with Celiac Disease

Więch, Paweł; Chmiel, Zdzisława; Bazaliński, Dariusz; Sałacińska, Izabela; Bartosiewicz, Anna; Mazur, Artur; Korczowski, Bartosz; Binkowska-Bury, Monika; Dąbrowski, Mariusz

doi:10.3390/nu10111817

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As regards the overweight and obesity status, an increase of BMI in CD children after adhering to a GFD has been commonly observed [75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83]. In particular, Więch et al [84] calculated weight and body composition components in CD children and observed a greater increase in weight, BMI and fat mass in children on a GFD compared to those who did not follow the recommended diet. Kabbani et al [85] found in a cohort of 679 CD adults (>18 years) that 15.8% of subjects moved from normal/low BMI into an overweight BMI, and 22% of patients that were overweight at diagnosis gained weight [85].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluten-Free Diet: Gaps and Needs for a Healthier Diet

2019

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The gluten-free diet (GFD) is currently the only effective treatment in remitting the symptoms of coeliac disease (CD), a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder caused by a permanent intolerance to gluten proteins in genetically susceptible individuals. The diet entails the substitution of gluten-containing products with gluten-free-rendered products. However, over recent decades the nutritional profile of gluten-free (GF) food products has been increasingly questioned within the scientific community. The aim of this paper is to review the nutritional profile of gluten-free-rendered products currently available on the market, and discuss the possible relationship thereof with the nutritional status of coeliac patients on a GFD. Key inadequacies of currently available GF products are low protein content and a high fat and salt content. More adequate levels of dietary fiber and sugar than in the past have been reported. Population studies confirmed the above mentioned inadequacies. Further efforts are required to conceive adoptable interventions for product development and reformulation in order to achieve compliance with nutritional recommendations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluten-Free Diet: Gaps and Needs for a Healthier Diet

2019

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“…In a recent study, Więch et al . ( 54 ) evaluated the impact of a GFD on the body composition in children with CD. Children with CD had significantly higher mean values of FFM and TBW and lower values of FM compared to healthy children and adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nutrition education in paediatric coeliac disease: impact of the role of the registered dietitian: a prospective, single‐arm intervention study

Suárez-González

García

Treviño

et al. 2020

J Human Nutrition Diet

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Background The diagnosis of coeliac disease (CD) involves a change in the diet of the individual, which may influence their quality of life and nutritional status. The present study aimed to determine whether nutrition education by a registered dietitian is able to improve eating habits and body composition in children with CD. Methods Dietary, physical activity and body composition changes were analysed, comparing baseline assessments with those 1 year after receiving education on healthy eating. At both time points, a 3‐day dietary survey, a food frequency consumption questionnaire, an adherence to the Mediterranean diet test (Kidmed), duration of activity and an electrical bioimpedance study were conducted. Student's paired t‐test and the McNemar test were also employed. Results Seventy‐two subjects (42 girls) with an mean (range) age of 10 (2–16) years were included. Before the intervention, an unbalanced diet was observed, rich in protein and fat, and deficient in complex carbohydrates. Only 14% consumed an adequate Mediterranean diet. After nutrition intervention, a significant increase in the consumption of plant‐based foods and a concomitant decrease in meat, dairy and processed food intake (P < 0.001) were observed. Moreover, 92% of the patients (P < 0.001) managed to consume an adequate Mediterranean diet. Similarly, an increase was observed in the duration of physical activity undertaken [mean (SD) 1.02 (1.79) h, P < 0.001] and improvements in body composition were recorded, with a 17% decrease in fat mass percentage (P < 0.001). Conclusions Nutrition intervention focused on healthy eating is effective with respect to improving the nutritional status and diet quality in CD patients.

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“…fat mass, fat-free mass, muscle mass, total, intracellular and extracellular body water, and body cell mass) as well as nutritional indicators (body mass index and body cell mass index) between children affected by CD and healthy controls. Indeed, a trend was observed in subjects on a gluten-free diet towards elevated indices of certain body composition components, and in particular fat mass [29].…”

Section: Body Composition In CD Patients On a Gf Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Deficiencies in Children with Celiac Disease Resulting from a Gluten-Free Diet: A Systematic Review

et al. 2019

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Background: A strictly gluten-free diet (GFD) is the basis for managing celiac disease (CD). Numerous studies have reported nutritional deficiencies/imbalances ascribable to a GFD. The aim of this review is to describe nutritional deficiencies observed in children with celiac disease on a GFD, to discuss the clinical consequences related to these nutritional imbalances, and to identify strategies that may be adopted to treat them. Methods: We reviewed the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases between January 1998 and January 2019. Results: Children are, regardless of whether they are on a gluten-free diet or not, at risk of consuming too much fat and insufficient fiber, iron, vitamin D, and calcium. These imbalances may be exacerbated when children are on a gluten-free diet. In particular, the intake of folate, magnesium, zinc, and foods with a high glycemic index in children with CD who are on a GFD is significantly altered. Conclusions: Therapeutic protocols should include nutritional education to help teach subjects affected by disorders such as CD the importance of labels, the choice of foods, and the combination of macro- and micronutrients. Children with CD on a GFD should be encouraged to rotate pseudo-cereals, consume gluten-free commercial products that have been fortified or enriched, and use foods that are local and naturally gluten-free.

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The Relationship between Body Composition and a Gluten Free Diet in Children with Celiac Disease

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Gluten-Free Diet: Gaps and Needs for a Healthier Diet

Gluten-Free Diet: Gaps and Needs for a Healthier Diet

Influence of nutrition education in paediatric coeliac disease: impact of the role of the registered dietitian: a prospective, single‐arm intervention study

Nutritional Deficiencies in Children with Celiac Disease Resulting from a Gluten-Free Diet: A Systematic Review

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