The relationship between asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection and the prevalence and severity of anemia in pregnant Malawian women.

Broek, Nynke R. van den; White, Sarah; Neilson, JP

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.1004

Cited by 47 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…These ®ndings are consistent with another study in the same study population which reported a high prevalence of anemia and a higher risk of anemia noted among HIV-positive women (Van den Broek et al, 1998b). In rural Malawi, anemia appears to be even more prevalent, as it was recently reported among over 90% of pregnant women (Verhoeff et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of iron status using plasma transferrin receptor in pregnant women with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in Malawi

et al. 2000

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Background: Although anemia is highly prevalent during pregnancy and is common during human immunode®ciency virus (HIV) infection, anemia and iron status have not been well characterized in HIV-infected pregnant women. Objective: To gain insight into iron status in HIV-infected pregnant women using plasma transferrin receptor and related indicators of anemia. Study design: Plasma transferrin receptor, ferritin, a 1 -acid glycoprotein, C-reactive protein and hemoglobin concentrations were measured in pregnant women, gestational age 18 ± 28 weeks, seen in an urban antenatal clinic in Blantyre, Malawi. Results: The prevalence of anemia among 662 HIV-positive and 190 HIV-negative pregnant women was 73.1% and 50.0%, respectively (P`0.0001). Among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women, median plasma transferrin receptor concentrations were 24.4 and 24.1 nmolal (P 0.5), respectively, and median plasma ferritin concentrations were 17.8 and 20.8 mgal (P`0.05), respectively. There was a large overlap in plasma transferrin receptor concentrations among women with and without anemia. Using the combination of hemoglobin and ferritin as a standard, the sensitivity and speci®city of plasma transferrin receptor in diagnosing iron de®ciency anemia was estimated at 45.9% and 68.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The use of plasma transferrin receptor concentrations as an indicator of iron de®ciency anemia may be limited in pregnant women with chronic in¯ammation and infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of iron status using plasma transferrin receptor in pregnant women with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in Malawi

et al. 2000

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“…This finding confirms that because of the high prevalence of HIV and malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, co-infection is possible [32]. This has important implications since both HIV and malaria are among the leading cause of morbidity in pregnancy in Africa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant women in Nigeria

Buseri¹,

Uko²,

Jeremiah³

et al. 2008

TOHJ

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Abstract:To assess the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia in pregnancy and recommend a cut-off value for antenatal women in developing countries, a cross sectional study was carried in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, a 523 bed tertiary health care institution in Nigeria. 1371 apparently healthy asymptomatic pregnant women visiting the antenatal clinic for the first time were enrolled for the study. Another 60 age-matched non-pregnant apparently healthy women served as controls. Haemoglobin concentration, malaria, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)S, haemoglobin electrophoretic pattern and C-reactive protein as marker of infection were investigated using standard haematological and serological procedures. Anaemia in pregnancy (Hb <11.0g/dl) and (Hb<10.0g/dl) were found to be 23.2% and 6.7% respectively. The aetiology of anaemia was found to be multifactorial; 40.2% had anaemia of infection, 20.3% had Plasmodium falciparum alone, 8.5% had HIV alone, 2.5% had HIV and malaria parasite co-infection; 8.9% undetermined infections and 0.6% had sickle cell anaemia. There is moderate prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy in this part of the world. Since the mean Hb value of the pregnant women in this study was 11.62±1.21g/dl and the pregnant women with Hb values around 10g/dl are apparently healthy, a cut-off value of 10.0g/dl may be considered ideal for defining anaemia in pregnancy in developing countries.

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“…* P Ͻ 0.05. lower rate of anemia in pregnancy has also been recently reported from Malawi (60.0%), where malaria transmission is lower than in western Kenya and where sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has replaced chloroquine for prevention of malaria in pregnancy. 29 The prevalence of severe anemia (Hb Ͻ 7 g/dL) in this study was 6.8%. This was higher than that previously reported in 1991 from Zaire (3.7%) but slightly lower than recent reports from coastal Kenya (9.8%), Tanzania (9.3%), and Malawi (8.3%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity and malaria as risk factors for third-trimester anemia in asymptomatic pregnant women in western Kenya.

Eijk¹,

Ayisi²,

Kuile³

et al. 2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. To assess risk factors for anemia in late pregnancy, we studied healthy pregnant women with a singleton uncomplicated pregnancy of Ն 32 weeks attending the prenatal clinic in the Provincial Hospital in Kisumu, Kenya. Between June 1996 and December 1998, 4,608 pregnant women had a blood sample collected for hemoglobin (Hb) measurement, malaria smear, and testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The mean Ϯ standard deviation of Hb was 9.58 Ϯ 1.8 g/dL; 21% had malaria in their blood; and 25% of the women were HIV seropositive. Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia was more common among HIV-seropositive women in all gravidities compared with HIV-seronegative women (risk ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.53-1.92). In a multivariate analysis, for primi-and secundigravidae women, the factors malaria, belonging to the Luo tribe, and HIV seropositivity were significantly associated with any anemia (Hb Ͻ 11 g/dL), and HIV seropositivity and documented fever were associated with severe anemia (Hb Ͻ 7 g/dL). In women of higher gravidities, HIV seropositivity was the only statistically significant factor associated with any anemia or with severe anemia. Asymptomatic HIV seropositivity is an important risk factor to be considered in the differential diagnosis of maternal anemia, independent of P. falciparum parasitemia.

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The relationship between asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection and the prevalence and severity of anemia in pregnant Malawian women.

Cited by 47 publications

References 29 publications

Assessment of iron status using plasma transferrin receptor in pregnant women with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in Malawi

Assessment of iron status using plasma transferrin receptor in pregnant women with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in Malawi

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant women in Nigeria

Human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity and malaria as risk factors for third-trimester anemia in asymptomatic pregnant women in western Kenya.

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