The relationship between anti‐phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex IgM antibodies and cutaneous ulcers in patients with cutaneous vasculitis

Kawakami, Tamihiro; Okiyama, Naoko; Kodera, Masanari; Seishima, Mariko; Yamaguchi, Yukie

doi:10.1111/1346-8138.16014

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Furthermore, Kawakami and colleagues [ 75 ] recently tested if anti-phosphatidyl-serine/prothrombin complex (PS/PT) IgM autoantibodies are capable of causing cutaneous ulcers in patients with cutaneous vasculitis. The authors demonstrated that rats injected with anti-PS/PT IgM developed cutaneous vasculitis showing that anti-PS/PT IgM autoantibodies as direct cause for disease.…”

Section: Autoreactive Igm: First Step In Establishing Autoimmune Dise...mentioning

confidence: 99%

TLR7 and IgM: Dangerous Partners in Autoimmunity

Amendt

2023

Antibodies

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The B cell antigen receptor (BCR)-repertoire is capable of recognizing a nearly unlimited number of antigens. Inevitably, the random nature of antibody gene segment rearrangement, needed in order to provide mature B cells, will generate autoreactive specificities. Once tolerance mechanisms fail to block the activation and differentiation of autoreactive B cells, harmful autoantibodies may get secreted establishing autoimmune diseases. Besides the hallmark of autoimmunity, namely IgG autoantibodies, IgM autoantibodies are also found in many autoimmune diseases. In addition to pathogenic functions of secreted IgM the IgM-BCR expressing B cell might be the initial check-point where, in conjunction with innate receptor signals, B cell mediated autoimmunity starts it fateful course. Recently, pentameric IgM autoantibodies have been shown to contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), pemphigus or autoimmune neuropathy. Further, recent studies suggest differences in the recognition of autoantigen by IgG and IgM autoantibodies, or propose a central role of anti-ACE2-IgM autoantibodies in severe COVID-19. However, exact mechanisms still remain to be uncovered in detail. This article focuses on summarizing recent findings regarding the importance of autoreactive IgM in establishing autoimmune diseases.

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Section: Autoreactive Igm: First Step In Establishing Autoimmune Dise...mentioning

confidence: 99%

TLR7 and IgM: Dangerous Partners in Autoimmunity

Amendt

2023

Antibodies

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“…It is noteworthy that anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex antibodies have been implicated in models of cutaneous vasculitis ( 53 ) and that anti-prothrombin antibodies increase after infection with SARS-CoV-2 ( 54 ).…”

Section: Covid-19-associated Cutaneous Vasculitis/vasculopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous vasculitis and vasculopathy in the era of COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2022

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Cutaneous vasculitides encompass a heterogeneous group of clinicopathological entities, which may occur as single-organ vasculitis of the skin or present as skin-limited variant of systemic vasculitis (i.e., skin-limited ANCA-associated vasculitis), and are triggered by various factors, including infections, drugs and vaccines. The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged us with a variety of both disease- and vaccine-associated skin manifestations, including vasculitis. Among the latter, cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis, previously known as leukocytoclastic vasculitis, seems to be the most reported in either scenario, i.e., natural infection and vaccination. Vasculopathy without true vasculitic changes on histology develops in but a minority of cases, mostly severe/critical COVID-19 patients, and appears to be the result of endothelial injury due to pauci-immune thromboembolic mechanisms. Herein, we provide an overview of the available literature on COVID-19-associated and anti-SARS-CoV-2-vaccine-associated cutaneous vasculitis. Although evidence is mostly limited to isolated reports, with a proportion of cases lacking histopathological confirmation, ample overlap with pre-pandemic forms is shown.

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The relationship between anti‐phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex IgM antibodies and cutaneous ulcers in patients with cutaneous vasculitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

TLR7 and IgM: Dangerous Partners in Autoimmunity

TLR7 and IgM: Dangerous Partners in Autoimmunity

Cutaneous vasculitis and vasculopathy in the era of COVID-19 pandemic

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