The Relationship Between Angular Osteologic and Radiographic Measurements of the Human Talus and Calcaneus

Abstract

Background: Radiographic imaging of the foot is commonly performed when medical evaluation is indicated. Angular measurements between bones may be assessed as part of the examination for trauma and foot biomechanics. However, angular relationships between surfaces of the physical bone as they compare with the bone's radiographic image has had limited investigation. Methods: For this study, 54 human feet from amputated limbs were imaged in standard radiographic views and skeletonized. Selected angular measurements were taken on each skeletonized talus and calcaneus and were compared with those taken from radiographic images using paired Student t tests and linear regression analysis. Results: Transverse plane measurements of the talus were not significantly different (P ≥ .05), associating strongly (r2 = 0.67–0.75; all P < .001). Most transverse and sagittal plane measurements of the calcaneus were not significantly different (P ≥ .05), with transverse plane measurements more strongly associated (r2 = 0.70–0.77; all P < .001) than sagittal plane measurements (r2 = 0.35–0.78; all P < .001). Conclusions: Selected angular measurements of the talus and calcaneus taken from radiographic images can be compared quantitatively with the physical bone, demonstrating that angular measurements from radiographic images provide useful information concerning both of these bones. This knowledge can be applied to the understanding of the morphology of the calcaneus and talus as it relates to human foot biomechanics and should also be of use in the interpretation of the human fossil pedal record.

The effect of rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint after recovery from fibrosis resulting from a non-healing fracture in monofin swimming.

“…It is also clear that the ankle angle at all phases of performance was less than normal after the injury, while it returned to its normal position (Agoada & Kramer, 2019;Tomaro & Butterffield, 1995) And the ankle angle has increased significantly after recovery, as the Subtalar Joint is one of the Plane joint (Marieb & Jackson, 2018;Netter, 1951;Rockar, 1995) It is one of the highly affected joints when injured, and the injury causes it to reduce the angle of the foot, the inability to straighten the metatarsal at its natural angle . (Badalahu et al, 2020;Rockar, 1995) The results of the study indicate that the joint angle has returned to its normal position, which indicates the elimination of the effect of fibrosis resulting from an unhealed fracture that was not properly treated.…”

Parameters That Can Be Used to Quantify Reduction Accuracy in Talar Neck Fractures and Malunions: A PRISMA-Compliant Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Subgroup analysis revealed that the Asian population had a higher DA (20.873°, 95%CI, 14.216-27.530) than the Non-Asian population (16.672°, 95%CI, 12.414-20.931); however, this difference was not statistically significant. The coefficient of variance for this parameter was determined to be high for three studies [ 16 , 17 , 20 ], and low for others. Two studies evaluated the DA in the pediatric population [ 20 , 25 ].…”

“… Inclination angle measurement methods: (a) the method described by Bonnel et al [ 17 ]; (b) the measurement method described by Agoada et al [ 16 ]; (c) the method described by He et al [ 15 ] and Mahato et al [ 21 ]; (d) the method described by Motagi et al [ 23 ]. All meta-analysis values are in degrees.…”

“… Were the results well described? Overall Grading Abdelhakim et al, 2012 [ 10 ] Y Y N/A N 1 Y N 2 N/A Y Y Fair Agoada 2018, [ 8 ] Y Y NR N 1 Y Y N/A Y Y Fair Agoada and Kramer, 2019 [ 16 ] Y Y NR N 1 Y Y N/A Y Y Fair Bidmos and Dayal, 2018 [ 12 ] Y Y N/A Y Y N 2 N/A Y Y Fair Bonnel et al, 2011 [ 17 ] Y Y N/A NR Y Y N/A N Y Fair Chan et al, 2008 [ …”

“…The angle between the body and neck of the talus in the horizontal plane, termed variably as 'declination angle', 'medial neck angle', 'horizontal angle of talar neck', 'transverse angle of talar head', 'talar bodyneck-head angle' or 'varus angle of the neck', was evaluated by nine studies [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. While the majority of these studies measured this angle between the long axis of the talar body and the long axis of the talar neck, Mahato et al [21,24] measured this between the transverse axis of the talar body and the long axis of the talar neck.…”