The relationship between age-related development of spike-and-wave discharges and the resistance to amygdaloid kindling in rats with genetic absence epilepsy

Çarçak, Nihan; Aker, Rezzan; Özdemir, Osman; Demiralp, Tamer; Onat, Filiz

doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2008.07.018

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This mutual cross interaction between absence epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy was recently reported in experimental conditions [5,6]. In these studies, rats with genetically determined absence epilepsy displayed either full or partial resistance, depending on the genetic background, to the amygdaloid, hippocampal, or perirhinal cortical kindling [7][8][9][10][11][12]. In accordance with our findings, electrical co-stimulation of the thalamic reticular nucleus during the rapid hippocampal kindling procedure suppresses the development of generalized limbic seizures in the adult control Wistar rats [23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…with resistance to experimental induced temporal lobe seizures [7,8]. The resistance to kindling in genetic absence epilepsy models is related to the development and also to the total duration of the SWDs, which are the electroencephalogram (EEG) hallmark of the unique neural circuitry of typical absence epilepsy [7,[9][10][11][12]. To date, data concerning the resistance to temporal lobe epilepsy conveyed by SWDs have been generated only from genetic absence epilepsy rat models.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pharmacologically induced absence seizures versus kindling in Wistar rats

Çarçak

Şahiner

Akman

et al. 2019

North Clin Istanbul

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

K indling is the classical model for temporal lobe epilepsy with a repeated focal application of the low-intensity electrical current to a particular forebrain structure that predictably triggers the initial partial seizure [1-4]. The resistance to kindling induced secondary generalization from limbic seizures is a phenomenon observed in genetically determined genetic rat models of absence epilepsy; the Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) and Wistar Albino Glaxo rats from Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) [5, 6]. In these models, the presence of generalized spikeand-wave discharges (SWDs) is clearly associated ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of γ-butyrolactone (GBL), a prodrug of gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid-induced absence seizures on the development of kindling in Wistar rats. METHODS: Three groups of adult male Wistar rats under anesthesia were implanted with bilateral cortical recording electrodes for the GBL group (GBL) and/or bipolar stimulation electrodes into the right basolateral amygdala for the Kindling group (KI) alone and Kindling plus GBL group (GBL+KI). Rats in the KI and GBL+KI groups were stimulated twice daily at the afterdischarge threshold until they reached Racine's stage 5 seizure state. The animals in the GBL + group had an i.p injection of GBL 20 minutes before each electrical stimulation, and the effects of GBL-induced seizures on the development of kindling were investigated. The animals in the GBL group were injected GBL twice daily i.p. for 15 days without receiving any electrical stimulation. RESULTS: The KI animals reached stage 5 seizure stage at 12 th stimulations, whereas the GBL+KI rats reached at 27 th stimulations. The mean numbers of stimulations needed for the development of the first stage 3, 4, or 5 generalized seizures were significantly higher in the GBL+KI group than the KI group. CONCLUSION: The resistance to amygdala kindling in the GBL model can be modulated by the absence seizure mechanism alone, without the intervention of an abnormal genetic background.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacologically induced absence seizures versus kindling in Wistar rats

Çarçak

Şahiner

Akman

et al. 2019

North Clin Istanbul

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The genetic absence epilepsy rats (GAERS) from Strasbourg represent a selected inbred strain of Wistar rats and are a well validated genetic model of typical absence epilepsy for neurological, behavioral and pharmacological studies [2,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do the quantitative relationships of synaptic junctions and terminals in the thalamus of genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) differ from those in normal control Wistar rats

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abnormal functional properties of the thalamocortical connections were reported in the absence of epilepsy. The present study compares the ratios of terminals ('RL'-round vesicles, large terminals, 'RS'-round vesicles, small terminals and 'F'-flattened vesicles) and synapse in three first-order (ventrobasal, lateral geniculate and anteroventral) and in three higher-order (posterior, lateral posterior and mediodorsal) thalamic nuclei of genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) with our earlier quantitative studies of normal Wistar rats to show whether quantitative differences were present in GAERS as compared to Wistar rat. Rats were perfused transcardially, the brains were removed and cut as 300 μm coronal sections. Parts of the six thalamic nuclei were removed for routine electron microscopy and GABA immunocytochemistry. Twenty photographs from each section at 20,000× magnification were taken, and the terminals were identified as RL, RS or F. (1) In normal Wistar rats (as in cats), the proportion of driver terminals (RL) and synapses is lower in higher-order than in first-order thalamic nuclei, but this difference is not present in GAERS animals. (2) The proportions of RS terminals and synapses for each thalamic nucleus showed no significant differences between GAERS and Wistar rats for any of the thalamic nuclei. (3) In GAERS, the proportion of inhibitory F terminals and synapses was significantly high in the VB and low in the LP thalamic nucleus. These abnormal ratios in the GAERS may be the cause of the spike-and-wave discharges of absence seizures or may represent a compensatory response of the thalamocortical circuitry to the absence seizures.

show abstract

“…These electrographic discharges after the first injections were similar to the immature SWD paroxysms observed in postnatal 30 days old GAERS. [12] With repeated chronic administration of GBL, the SWD complexes appeared to mature with an increase in the power at the fundamental frequency and similar to that in adult GAERS or WAG/Rij rats. [13] It is accepted that the major disadvantage of the GHB and GBL models is that they represent an acute model of absence seizures rather than a chronic model of absence epilepsy such as the genetic models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

The gamma-butyrolactone model of absence epilepsy: Acute and chronic effects in wistar rats.

Karamahmutoglu¹,

Çarçak²,

Şahiner³

et al. 2013

Epilepsi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryObjectives: We studied the electroencephalographic (EEG) and behavioral changes of the chemical model of generalized absence epilepsy induced by acute and chronic administration of gamma-butrolactone (GBL), a prodrug of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats under anesthesia were implanted with bilateral cortical recording electrodes. The rats were administered 30 intraperitoneal injections of GBL twice daily from Monday to Friday and EEG was recorded 20 min before and 40 min after GBL injections. In order to monitor spontaneous spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs), the baseline EEGs on the subsequent Monday mornings after the first, second and third weekends were recorded for 90 min. Results: The intraperitoneal administration of GBL caused a rapid onset of bilaterally synchronous SWDs in the cortical EEG accompanied by behavioral immobility, vacant-staring and vibrissal twitching. By repeated GBL injections, animals displayed spontaneous bilateral synchronous SWDs in the baseline EEG on the Monday morning session after the GBL-free weekend period (60 h after the Friday afternoon injection). Conclusion:The present study reports the acute and chronic effects of the systemic administration of GBL. The chronic systemic application of GBL may represent a model of epileptogenesis for absence epilepsy.Key words: Absence epilepsy; gamma-butyrolactone; wistar rats; EEG. ÖzetAmaç: Çalışmamızda, gama-hidroksibutiratın (GHB) ön ilacı olan gama-butirolakton (GBL) ile indüklenmiş kimyasal jeneralize absans epilepsi modelinde GBL'nin akut ve kronik uygulanmasıyla oluşan EEG ve davranış değişiklikleri incelendi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada kullanılan yetişkin Wistar sıçanlara, anestezi altında stereotaksik cerrahi yöntemi uygulandı; hayvanlara iki taraflı kortikal kayıt elektrotları implante edildi. Bir haftalık iyileşme sürecini takiben sabah ve akşam olmak üzere günde iki kez i.p. GBL enjeksiyonu uygulandı. Enjeksiyon uygulamasından önceki 20 dakika, sonrasında 40 dakika olmak üzere EEG kaydı alındı, enjeksiyon yapılmadan geçen haftasonlarını takiben Pazartesi sabahları enjeksiyon öncesi 40 dakika bazal EEG kaydı alındı. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada sistemik GBL uygulamasının akut ve kronik etkileri tekrar ortaya kondu. Çalışmamızda yer alan hayvanlarda, tekrarlayan enjeksiyonlarla birlikte, enjeksiyon yapılmadan geçen haftasonlarını takiben Pazartesi sabahları enjeksiyon öncesi alınan bazal kayıtlarda spontan iki taraflı DDD'leri görüldü.Sonuç: Kronik sistemik GBL uygulanması absans epilepsi için bir epileptogenez modeli ortaya koyabilir. GHB modeli antiepileptik ilaç araştır-malarında, absans epilepsi modeli olarak kullanılabilir.

show abstract

The relationship between age-related development of spike-and-wave discharges and the resistance to amygdaloid kindling in rats with genetic absence epilepsy

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Pharmacologically induced absence seizures versus kindling in Wistar rats

Pharmacologically induced absence seizures versus kindling in Wistar rats

Do the quantitative relationships of synaptic junctions and terminals in the thalamus of genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) differ from those in normal control Wistar rats

The gamma-butyrolactone model of absence epilepsy: Acute and chronic effects in wistar rats.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About