The relationship between aerobic fitness level and metabolic profiles in healthy adults

Morris, Ciara; Grada, C. O.; Ryan, Mary Morgan; Roche, Helen M.; Vito, Giuseppe De; Gibney, Michael J.; Gibney, Eileen R.; Brennan, Lorraine

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201200629

Cited by 50 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…BCAAs predicted improvements in insulin resistance in patients participating in a weight loss intervention [31,49], and a positive association between BCAAs and insulin resistance has been also reported [34,49]. In the current study, insulin levels were not determined.…”

Section: Discusionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Therefore comprehensive metabolomic data needs to be assessed by bringing together data from different platforms [12,51,54]. A number of nutritional studies have used a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) based metabolomic approach to analyse fatty acids (FAs) and amino acids (AAs) [34,41] FAs play an important role in metabolic health taking part in many cellular processes, serving as energy reserves or regulating gene expression. Obese subjects report elevated concentrations of serum total FAs, which may have an impact on the development of metabolic syndrome and related disorders [22,50,52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolomics identifies changes in fatty acid and amino acid profiles in serum of overweight older adults following a weight loss intervention

et al. 2014

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3 AbstractThe application of metabolomics in nutritional research may be a useful tool to analyse and predict the response to a dietary intervention. The aim of this study was to examine metabolic changes in serum samples following exposure to an energy-restricted diet (-15% of daily energy requirements) over a period of 8 weeks in overweight and obese older adults (n=22) using a GC/MS metabolomic approach. After the 8 weeks, there were significant reductions in weight (7%) and metabolic improvement (glucose and lipid profile). Metabolomic analysis found that total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), including palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were significantly decreased after the 8 week intervention.Furthermore, palmitoleic acid (C16:1) was found to be a negative predictor of change in body fat loss. Both the total ω-6 and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) significantly decreased although the overall total amounts of PUFAs did not. The branched chain amino acid (BCAA) isoleucine significantly decreased in the serum samples after the intervention. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the weight loss intervention based on a hypocaloric diet identified changes in the metabolic profiles of serum in overweight and obese older adults, with a reduction in anthropometric and biochemical parameters also found.

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Section: Discusionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics identifies changes in fatty acid and amino acid profiles in serum of overweight older adults following a weight loss intervention

et al. 2014

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“…Morris et al 5 found that amino-acid excretion was reduced in participants with high fitness as indicated by lower urinary levels of amino acids. In contrast, in this previous study also plasma levels of many amino acids were lower in the high fitness group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, 2, 3 Furthermore, metabolite levels in body fluids may also reflect consequent phenotypes including cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity. 4, 5, 6, 7 Therefore, targeted metabolomics may particularly help unravel biological mechanisms and identify pathways and networks through which behavioral factors and phenotypes are linked to metabolism. Knowledge about these mechanisms may offer great potential in terms of prevention of chronic diseases, which are strongly linked to human behavior and phenotypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking diet, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity to serum metabolite networks: findings from a population-based study

et al. 2014

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Objective:It is not yet resolved how lifestyle factors and intermediate phenotypes interrelate with metabolic pathways. We aimed to investigate the associations between diet, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity with serum metabolite networks in a population-based study.Methods:The present study included 2380 participants of a randomly drawn subcohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam. Targeted metabolomics was used to measure 127 serum metabolites. Additional data were available including anthropometric measurements, dietary assessment including intake of whole-grain bread, coffee and cake and cookies by food frequency questionnaire, and objectively measured physical activity energy expenditure and cardiorespiratory fitness in a subsample of 100 participants. In a data-driven approach, Gaussian graphical modeling was used to draw metabolite networks and depict relevant associations between exposures and serum metabolites. In addition, the relationship of different exposure metabolite networks was estimated.Results:In the serum metabolite network, the different metabolite classes could be separated. There was a big group of phospholipids and acylcarnitines, a group of amino acids and C6-sugar. Amino acids were particularly positively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity. C6-sugar and acylcarnitines were positively associated with obesity and inversely with intake of whole-grain bread. Phospholipids showed opposite associations with obesity and coffee intake. Metabolite networks of coffee intake and obesity were strongly inversely correlated (body mass index (BMI): r=−0.57 and waist circumference: r=−0.59). A strong positive correlation was observed between metabolite networks of BMI and waist circumference (r=0.99), as well as the metabolite networks of cake and cookie intake with cardiorespiratory fitness and intake of whole-grain bread (r=0.52 and r=0.50; respectively).Conclusions:Lifestyle factors and phenotypes seem to interrelate in various metabolic pathways. A possible protective effect of coffee could be mediated via counterbalance of pathways of obesity involving hepatic phospholipids. Experimental studies should validate the biological mechanisms.

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“…Subjects with complete data were analyzed for this study. Subjects completed one or both of two metabolic challenges; an oral lipid tolerance test (N=120; 54g Fat, 16g Glucose, 550kcal) and an oral glucose tolerance test (N=129; 75g glucose bolus) as described[15, 16]. Serial blood samples were taken for measurement of glucose, insulin and cytokines.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary isoflavone intake is associated with evoked responses to inflammatory cardiometabolic stimuli and improved glucose homeostasis in healthy volunteers

Ferguson¹,

Ryan²,

Gibney³

et al. 2014

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

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Background and Aims Consumption of foods that modulate inflammatory stress in genetically-prone individuals may influence development of cardiometabolic diseases. Isoflavones in soy-derived foods function as phytoestrogens, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, inhibit protein-tyrosine kinase activity, and may be atheroprotective. We examined the relationship between soy food consumption and inflammatory responses to endotoxemia, postprandial responses to oral lipid tolerance test (OLTT), and insulin sensitivity from frequently sampled intravenous tolerance tests (FSIGTT). Methods and Results We administered low-dose endotoxin (LPS 1 ng/kg) to induce transient endotoxemia in young, healthy volunteers (N=215) of African (AA), and European (EA) ancestry as part of the GENE Study. We further supported these findings in two independent samples: the MECHE Study and NHANES. Soy food consumption was a significant predictor of peak cytokine response following LPS. Individuals with moderate-high (>1.48mg/day, N=65) vs. low-no (<1.48mg/day, N=150) isoflavone consumption had significantly higher tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) post-LPS (AUC, P=0.009). Further, high-isoflavone consumers were protected against inflammation-induced decline in insulin sensitivity (SI) in GENE. We observed significant differences by soy consumption in the interferon gamma (IFNγ) response to OLTT, and the insulin response to OGTT in MECHE, as well as significantly lower fasting insulin, and 2-hour glucose post-OGTT in EA NHANES subjects. Conclusion We demonstrate that soy consumption may influence inflammatory and metabolic responses. In research of nutritional exposures, measuring evoked phenotypes may be more informative than describing resting characteristics. Clinical Trial Registry The GENE Study was registered under NCT00953667 and the MECHE Study under NCT01172951, both at clinicaltrials.gov.

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The relationship between aerobic fitness level and metabolic profiles in healthy adults

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

Metabolomics identifies changes in fatty acid and amino acid profiles in serum of overweight older adults following a weight loss intervention

Metabolomics identifies changes in fatty acid and amino acid profiles in serum of overweight older adults following a weight loss intervention

Linking diet, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity to serum metabolite networks: findings from a population-based study

Dietary isoflavone intake is associated with evoked responses to inflammatory cardiometabolic stimuli and improved glucose homeostasis in healthy volunteers

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