“…Focussing on physical functioning literature in medical science (Ciorba, Bianchini, Pelucchi, & Pastore, 2012; Grimby, Milsom, Molander, Wiklund, & Ekelund, 1993; Harris, Lamping, Brown, & Constantinovici, 2002; Montuclard et al, 2000; Schrier, Dekker, Kaptein, & Dijkman, 1990) also try to explain QoL, but their contributions are confined in objective-oriented conceptual definitions and mostly directed towards situational health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Perceived health (Ju & Kim, 2015) and mental health (Ju & Kim, 2015; McCall, Cohen, Reboussin, & Lawton, 1999; Ormel, Rijsdijk, Sullivan, van Sonderen, & Kempen, 2002, like depression, also have a direct bearing on QoL in late life. However, morbidity incidence can cause depressive disorder followed by functional disability (Gureje, Ogunniyi, Kola, & Afolabi, 2006) and deteriorate health condition waning independent living.…”