The Relations of Maternal Practices and Characteristics to Children's Vicarious Emotional Responsiveness

Eisenberg, Nancy; Fabes, Richard A.; Carlo, Gustavo; Troyer, Debra; Speer, Anna Lee; Karbon, Mariss; Switzer, Galen E.

doi:10.2307/1131348

Cited by 122 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with those of other studies that indicate that female adolescents are more susceptible to the influence of family emotional climate than male adolescents are (e.g.. Eisenberg et al, 1992;Jaycox & Repetti, 1993). Because the gender differences in this study were not very pronounced and were limited to the area of general psychological health, further clarification is needed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Relation of Family Functioning to Adolescent Psychological Well-Being, School Adjustment, and Problem Behavior

Shek

1997

The Journal of Genetic Psychology

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The association between family functioning and adolescent adjustment was examined in 429 Chinese adolescents via children's and parents' reports. The ratings obtained from the different sources indicated that family functioning was significantly related to measures of (a) adolescent psychological well-being (general psychiatric morbidity, life satisfaction, purpose in life, hopelessness, and self-esteem), (b) school adjustment (perceived academic performance and school conduct), and (c) problem behavior (smoking and abusing psychotropic drugs). The findings suggest that there is an intimate link between family functioning and the psychosocial adjustment, particularly the positive mental health, of Chinese adolescents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Relation of Family Functioning to Adolescent Psychological Well-Being, School Adjustment, and Problem Behavior

Shek

1997

The Journal of Genetic Psychology

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“…Test-retest reliability is high (Halberstadt, Cassidy, Stifter, Parke, & Fox, 1995) and good internal consistency of the subscales has been demonstrated (Cassidy et al, 1992;Eisenberg et al, 1992). Cronbach's alphas for the present study were .91 for positive emotion, .60 for negative dominant emotion, and .65 for negative submissive emotion.…”

Section: Maternal Measuressupporting

confidence: 53%

Emotion Regulation in Low‐income Preschoolers

2000

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The present study was concerned with identifying the causes of low-income preschoolers' negative emotions and their most common regulation responses. The relations of family socialization practices and temperament to the children's emotion regulation skills were also examined. Ninety predominantly minority low-income preschoolers (46 boys) and their mothers participated. During visits to the children's preschools, observers watched for expressions of anger and sadness, and recorded the causes of the displays and the children's reactions. Mothers reported on their emotion socialization and discipline practices and their children's temperament.Although the children expressed more anger than sadness, they used more constructive reactions in response to sadness and more non-constructive reactions in response to anger. Maternal reports of appropriate family emotion were associated with low levels of non-constructive regulation responses to anger and sadness whereas reports of inconsistent parental discipline were generally associated with non-constructive regulation responses. All in all, the findings of this study are in accord with findings on middle-income children and indicate that low-and middle-income children are more alike than different with regard to the regulation of negative emotion in the peer environment.

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“…In contrast, insecure attachment to parents predisposes adolescents to become self-focused and more likely to experience personal distress when observing others in need. Self-focus and personal distress have been associated inversely with empathy and concern for others (Carlson & Miller, 1987;Eisenberg et al, 1992). The less attachment security adolescents experience, the less likely they are to act affectionately or show concern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carlson and Miller (1987) proposed that when such events occur, prosocial responsiveness is less likely to occur. In addition, the experience of negative affectivity induces a state of personal distress in the adolescent that also can inhibit prosocial activity (Eisenberg et al, 1992). Carlo, Roesch, and Melby (1998) found that anger was related inversely to adolescents' prosocial behavior and felt sympathy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent Affection and Helpfulness Toward Parents:

Eberly

Montemayor

1999

The Journal of Early Adolescence

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This short-term longitudinal investigation examined the 2-year stability of adolescents' prosocial behavior toward mothers and fathers and the predictive role of attachment, conflict, and parental influence in adolescents ' prosocial behavior. At Time 1, adolescents (n = 129) in Grades 6, 8, and 10 and their mothers (n = 126) and fathers (n = 104) completed several questionnaires during two in-home visits. Two years subsequently, families (n = 42) completed the same measures from Time 1. In general, adolescents reported less affectionate behavior and helpfulness toward fathers and mothers during early adolescence and middle adolescence. Parents reported no change in adolescents' behavior. Adolescents' affection and helpfulness remained stable across 2 years. For adolescent reports, attachment predicted affection, whereas paternal influence predicted helpfulness toward fathers. For parent reports, conflict and parental influence predicted adolescent affection. The use of the relational approach for understanding adolescent prosocial behavior is discussed.Within close relationships, children learn and develop many important social skills, such as prosocial behavior. Prosocial behavior is defined as voluntary behavior intended to benefit another (Eisenberg, 1982) and has been studied from several perspectives, most often from a dispositional or a situational perspective. A personal relationships approach was employed for the present study. Adolescents' prosocial behavior toward parents is proposed to be embedded in parent/adolescent relationships; therefore, variation in adolescents' prosocial behavior toward parents is tied to variation in their relationships with parents.From a personal relationships perspective, the context of a close, interdependent relationship is central to understanding individual behavior within 226

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The Relations of Maternal Practices and Characteristics to Children's Vicarious Emotional Responsiveness

Cited by 122 publications

References 21 publications

The Relation of Family Functioning to Adolescent Psychological Well-Being, School Adjustment, and Problem Behavior

The Relation of Family Functioning to Adolescent Psychological Well-Being, School Adjustment, and Problem Behavior

Emotion Regulation in Low‐income Preschoolers

Adolescent Affection and Helpfulness Toward Parents:

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