1996
DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(96)00032-9
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The relation of self-reported back pain to psychosocial, behavioral, and health-related factors in a working population in Switzerland

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Cited by 34 publications
(23 citation statements)
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“…One high-quality (60) and two low-quality case-control (50, 55) studies found a larger risk for women (gender ratios ranging from 1.36 to 3.43). No difference in the risk estimate between men and women was found in the other high-quality casecontrol study (59) and the cross-sectional studies (48,49). Since these results were not consistent, there is inconclusive evidence for a gender difference for heavy physical workload.…”
Section: Level Of Evidencementioning
confidence: 84%
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“…One high-quality (60) and two low-quality case-control (50, 55) studies found a larger risk for women (gender ratios ranging from 1.36 to 3.43). No difference in the risk estimate between men and women was found in the other high-quality casecontrol study (59) and the cross-sectional studies (48,49). Since these results were not consistent, there is inconclusive evidence for a gender difference for heavy physical workload.…”
Section: Level Of Evidencementioning
confidence: 84%
“…One high-quality cohort study (58) and one high-quality cross-sectional study (48) found gender ratios of 1.90 and 1.35 respectively. The second high-quality cohort study (51), the high-quality case-control study (59), and a low-quality cross-sectional study (49) did not find a gender difference. Due to the inconsistency of these results there is inconclusive evidence of a gender difference for job demands.…”
Section: Level Of Evidencementioning
confidence: 85%
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“…[5][6][7] Furthermore, there are Swiss studies showing that lower socioeconomic classes are more likely to get incapacitated and that male blue-collar workers and employees with a basic educational level report more back pain than others. 8,9 With respect to gender it could be shown that the social gradient in health is more distinct for men, as women show smaller social inequalities in health. [10][11][12][13][14] It is assumed that these smaller social inequalities in health are partially due to a different distribution of unhealthy employment status categories between women and men.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%