The Relation of Personality and Intelligence—What Can the Brunswik Symmetry Principle Tell Us?

Kretzschmar, André; Spengler, Marion; Schubert, Anna‐Lena; Steinmayr, Ricarda; Ziegler, Matthias

doi:10.3390/jintelligence6030030

Cited by 94 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…The order of tasks (choice reaction time task, recognition memory task, letter matching task) was the same for all participants and both sessions. During the second session, participants completed the cognitive ability tests, a personality questionnaire (Kretzschmar, Spengler, Schubert, Steinmayr, & Ziegler, 2018), and a demographic questionnaire. Each session lasted approximately 3-3.5 hours in duration with EEG being collected for approximately 2.5 hours.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in cortical processing speed predict cognitive abilities: a model-based cognitive neuroscience account

Schubert

Nunez

Hagemann

et al. 2018

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Previous research has shown that individuals with greater cognitive abilities display a greater speed of higher-order cognitive processing. These results suggest that speeded neural information-processing may facilitate evidence accumulation during decision making and memory updating and thus yield advantages in general cognitive abilities. We used a hierarchical Bayesian cognitive modeling approach to test the hypothesis that individual differences in the velocity of evidence accumulation mediate the relationship between neural processing speed and cognitive abilities. We found that a higher neural speed predicted both the velocity of evidence accumulation across behavioral tasks as well as cognitive ability test scores. However, only a small part of the association between neural processing speed and cognitive abilities was mediated by individual differences in the velocity of evidence accumulation. The model demonstrated impressive forecasting abilities by predicting 36% of individual variation in cognitive ability test scores in an entirely new sample solely based on their electrophysiological and behavioral data. Our results suggest that individual differences in neural processing speed might affect a plethora of higher-order cognitive processes, that only in concert explain the large association between neural processing speed and cognitive abilities, instead of the effect being entirely explained by differences in evidence accumulation speeds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in cortical processing speed predict cognitive abilities: a model-based cognitive neuroscience account

Schubert

Nunez

Hagemann

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Others suggest that its presence varies depending upon the level of measures used to specify relations. For instance, it emerges in self-ratings but not in multirater nested data [73] and its strength increases with increasing hierarchical level of the dimensions involved [74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind-Personality Relations from Childhood to Early Adulthood

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Spanoudis

Žebec

et al. 2018

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We present three studies which investigated the relations between cognition and personality from 7 to 20 years of age. All three studies showed that general cognitive ability and the general factor of personality are significantly related throughout this age span. This relation was expressed in several ways across studies. The first investigated developmental relations between three reasoning domains (inductive, deductive, and scientific) and Eysenck’s four personality dimensions in a longitudinal-sequential design where 260 participants received the cognitive tests three and the personality test two times, covering the span from 9-16 years. It was found that initial social likeability significantly shapes developmental momentum in cognition and vice-versa, especially in the 9 to 11 years period. The second study involved 438 participants from 7 to 17 years, tested twice on attention control, working memory, reasoning in different domains, and once by a Big Five Factors inventory. Extending the findings of the first, this study showed that progression in reasoning is affected negatively by conscientiousness and positively by openness, on top of attention control and working memory influences. The third study tested the relations between reasoning in several domains, the ability to evaluate one’s own cognitive performance, self-representation about the reasoning, the Big Five, and several aspects of emotional intelligence, from 9 to 20 years of age (N=247). Network, Hierarchical Network, and Structural Equation modeling showed that cognition and personality are mediated by the ability of self-knowing. Emotional intelligence was not an autonomous dimension. All dimensions but emotional intelligence influenced academic performance. A developmental model for mind-personality relations is proposed.

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“…The order of tasks (choice reaction time task, recognition memory task, letter matching task) was the same for all participants and both sessions. During the second session, participants completed the cognitive ability tests, a personality questionnaire (data reported in Kretzschmar, Spengler, Schubert, Steinmayr, & Ziegler, 2018), and a demographic questionnaire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Differences in Cortical Processing Speed Predict Cognitive Abilities: a Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Account

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous research has shown that individuals with greater cognitive abilities display a greater speed of higher-order cognitive processing. These results suggest that speeded neural information-processing may facilitate evidence accumulation during decision making and memory updating and thus yield advantages in general cognitive abilities. We used a hierarchical Bayesian cognitive modeling approach to test the hypothesis that individual differences in the velocity of evidence accumulation mediate the relationship between neural processing speed and cognitive abilities. We found that a higher neural speed predicted both the velocity of evidence accumulation across behavioral tasks as well as cognitive ability test scores. However, only a negligible part of the association between neural processing speed and cognitive abilities was mediated by individual differences in the velocity of evidence accumulation. The model demonstrated impressive forecasting abilities by predicting 36% of individual variation in cognitive ability test scores in an entirely new sample solely based on their electrophysiological and behavioral data. Our results suggest that individual differences in neural processing speed might affect a plethora of higher-order cognitive processes, that only in concert explain the large association between neural processing speed and cognitive abilities, instead of the effect being entirely explained by differences in evidence accumulation speeds.

show abstract

The Relation of Personality and Intelligence—What Can the Brunswik Symmetry Principle Tell Us?

Cited by 94 publications

References 108 publications

Individual differences in cortical processing speed predict cognitive abilities: a model-based cognitive neuroscience account

Individual differences in cortical processing speed predict cognitive abilities: a model-based cognitive neuroscience account

Mind-Personality Relations from Childhood to Early Adulthood

Individual Differences in Cortical Processing Speed Predict Cognitive Abilities: a Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Account

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