The Relation of Metabolic Peculiarities of Infants to Dietary Requirements for Fat

Gillman, Joseph; Gilbert, Christine; Savage, Nerina; Gillman, Theodore; Scragg, J. N.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(61)92348-0

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In this connection, Gillman, Gilbert, and Savage (1962) found that a kwashiorkor infant baboon synthesizes significantly greater amounts of phospholipid fatty acids than does a normal infant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Fatty Acid Components of Ovine Tissue Lipids, and The Response to Prolonged Protein Depletion

Horgan¹,

Masters²

1963

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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SummaryThe lipids of ovina liver and plasma have been separated by silicic acid chromatography into cholesterol ester, triglyceride, free fatty acid, and phospholipid fractions. Fatty acid constituents of these fractions have been determined by gas chromatography. The lipid content of these tissues was also determined for animals subjected to a prolonged protein depletion. Several significant differences were caused by the experimental diet, with the liver showing more alterations than plasma. The unsaturated C 18 fatty acids were affected to the greatest degree.Implications of these results have been discussed in relation to comparative biochemistry and intermediary lipid metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Fatty Acid Components of Ovine Tissue Lipids, and The Response to Prolonged Protein Depletion

Horgan¹,

Masters²

1963

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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“…It probably enables the liver to remove potentially toxic fatty acids and to recycle CoA should the influx of fatty acids exceed the rate of fl-oxidation. This probably contributes to the accumulation of hepatic triacylglycerols that is observed in starvation (Harrison, 1953;Mayes, 1962;Gillman et al, 1962). Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase is also required for synthesizing phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of chronic diabetes, induced by streptozotocin, on the activities of some enzymes of glycerolipid synthesis in rat liver

1978

Biochemical Journal

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1. Rats were injected with a single dose of 35mg of streptozotocin/kg body wt. They exhibited a diabetes that was characterized by glycosuria, polyuria, polydipsia, hyperphagia, hyperglycaemia, increased concentrations of unesterified fatty acids, glycerol and triacylglycerols in the serum and an increased activity of glucose 6-phosphatase in the liver. 2. After 10 weeks the hepatic activities of the microsomal glycerol phosphate acyltransferase, phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, choline phosphotransferase, CDP-diacylglycerol-inositol phosphatidyltransferase and the soluble phosphatidate phosphohydrolase were measured. 3. The only significant changes were an increase in the activity of the soluble phosphatidate phosphohydrolase and a decrease in that of the CDP-diacylglycerolinositol phosphatidyltransferase in the diabetic rats. 4. These results are discussed in relation to the control of glycerolipid synthesis.Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycaemia, which is often accompanied by glycosuria, and by an increase in the consumption of food and water and in urine output. In severe cases there is ketonaemia, ketonuria and hypertriglyceridaemia. The last is usually caused by an accelerated secretion of very-low-density lipoprotein, and the severity of the hypertriglyceridaemia can be taken as an indication of the adequacy of the control of the diabetes (Nikkila & Kekki, 1973;Nikkila, 1974).In the present study rats were made chronically diabetic by a single injection of streptozotocin. These animals were then used to investigate whether the diabetic state is accompanied by changes in the relative activities of the enzymes responsible for the synthesis ofglycerolipids in the liver. It is hoped that these results will add to our understanding of how glycerolipid synthesis is controlled.

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“…Cholesterol esterification by the fatty liver seems to be decreased, in view of levels in serum and accumulation of cholesterol in the liver (246a). Cholesterol, phospholipid, and glyceride glycerol synthesis from pyruvate and glucose suggested a decreased turnover of the citric acid cycle and possibly aberrant pathways favoring lipid syn thesis in Kwashiorkor (248). Schendel & Hansen (249) have shown that trienoic acids rise while di-, tetra, penta-, and hexenoic acids decrease in PCM children who respond to initial therapy.…”

Section: Growth Of the Newbornmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Altered carbohydrate or lipid metabolism, or both, may be the determin ing factors which lead to Kwashiorkor rather than marasmus, in chronic protein malnutrition (246,248) ; however, the concepts of Gomez (28) and of the INCAp5 group (188) regard marasmus as the apex of the triangle of progressive malnutrition. In this regard, the marasmic baby would seem to be more hardy and with greater survival ability than the more acute, labile Kwashiorkor infant (96) .…”

Section: Growth Of the Newbornmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glycogen concentration in the liver is decreased (14,174,257) . Intermediary metabolism in the glycolytic, citric acid cycle or gluconeogenic, or both, pathways, may be abnormal (99,248). Serum pyruvic and a-ketoglutaric acid levels were elevated in malnourished children with or without edema (258,259), although there is some indication that blood pyruvate is decreased in marasmus and elevated in Kwashiorkor (260) .…”

Section: Growth Of the Newbornmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biochemical Effects of Protein-Calorie Malnutrition in Man

Metcoff¹

1967

Annu. Rev. Med.

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The Relation of Metabolic Peculiarities of Infants to Dietary Requirements for Fat

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Fatty Acid Components of Ovine Tissue Lipids, and The Response to Prolonged Protein Depletion

Fatty Acid Components of Ovine Tissue Lipids, and The Response to Prolonged Protein Depletion

The effect of chronic diabetes, induced by streptozotocin, on the activities of some enzymes of glycerolipid synthesis in rat liver

Biochemical Effects of Protein-Calorie Malnutrition in Man

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