The Relation of Hypersensitiveness to Poison Ivy and to Cashew Nut Shell Liquid

New biobased epoxy materials from cardanol

“…CNSL can be regarded as a versatile and valuable raw material for polymer production and represents a good natural alternative to petrochemicals derived phenols [10]. CNSL constitutes nearly 25% of the total weight of the nut and is composed of anacardic acid (3-n-pentadecylsalicylic acid) and smaller amounts of cardanol (3-n-pentadecylphenol), cardol (5-npentadecylresorcinol), and methylcardol (2-methyl-5-n-pentadecylresorcinol), the long aliphatic side-chain being saturated, mono-olefinic (8), di-olefinic (8,11), and triolefinic (8,11,14) with an average value of two double bonds per molecule ( Fig. 1).…”

Anacardiaceae Lindl.

“…The irritant and allergenic potency ranges in descending order from cardol to anacardic acid and anacardols (Keil et al 1945a;Wasserman and Dawson 1948). All have 15 carbon monoene or diene side chains, which, as is typical of the family, are closely related chemically and allergenically to the catechol -derived urushiols in Toxicodendron (poison ivy) (Keil et al 1945b;Mitchell and Rook 1979). All have 15 carbon monoene or diene side chains, which, as is typical of the family, are closely related chemically and allergenically to the catechol -derived urushiols in Toxicodendron (poison ivy) (Keil et al 1945b;Mitchell and Rook 1979).…”

“…All have 15 carbon monoene or diene side chains, which, as is typical of the family, are closely related chemically and allergenically to the catechol -derived urushiols in Toxicodendron (poison ivy) (Keil et al 1945b;Mitchell and Rook 1979). Species of Anacardium, Schinus, and Toxicodendron share similar toxicants, and there is considerable allergic cross -reactivity among them (Keil et al 1945a;ElSohly et al 1986). These derivatives are referred to as cardanol 15:0, 15:1, and 15:2, based upon the number of side chain carbons and double bonds.…”

“…The toxicants of Schinus are of the same type as those in these genera, and thus it is not surprising that susceptible individuals exhibit considerable cross -reactivity (Keil et al 1945a ;ElSohly et al 1986 ). The toxicants of Schinus are of the same type as those in these genera, and thus it is not surprising that susceptible individuals exhibit considerable cross -reactivity (Keil et al 1945a ;ElSohly et al 1986 ).…”

Contact Dermatitis Caused by the ‘Manzanillo’ <i>(Rhus striata) </i>Tree

“…Discussion The occurence of a Rhus poisonous tree in Central and nor thern South America (2), deserves medical attention. This tree may cause dermatitis venenata and induce cross sensitization to other Anacardiaceae, a common trend in members of this family (4,5).…”