The relation of functional visual acuity measurement methodology to tear functions and ocular surface status

Kaido, Minako; Ishida, Ryôhei; Doğru, Murat

doi:10.1007/s10384-011-0049-8

Cited by 64 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…7,11 However, these parameters were not significantly different in the affected eyes in our study compared with fellow eyes, indicating that the FVA values directly reflected AMD-induced changes in the retina. This finding is consistent with our previous study, which demonstrated that the FVA system detects visual function impairment caused by the retinal abnormality in the epiretinal membrane.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Functional VA values may reflect changes other than those caused by AMD because changes in corneal and lens densities 9,10 as well as tear volume (measured by the Schirmer test) 7,11,12 also affected the FVA score and VMR. 7,11 However, these parameters were not significantly different in the affected eyes in our study compared with fellow eyes, indicating that the FVA values directly reflected AMD-induced changes in the retina.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the FVA system, Landolt optotypes were presented on a monitor, with appropriate size changes depending on the response accuracy. 1,7 The optotypes were displayed automatically, starting with conventional Landolt rings sized to reflect the patient's BCVA as determined by conventional methods. Correct responses were followed by the presentation of one stepYsmaller optotypes, whereas incorrect responses resulted in the presentation of one stepYlarger optotypes.…”

Section: Eye Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This test was performed in monocular eyes with undilated pupils at a testing distance of 2.5 m. Background illumination of the translucent chart was provided by a fluorescent source in the instrument and was automatically calibrated to 250 cd/m 2 . For reproducibility of this method, 7 we measured the same eye twice and selected the best value. The standard Schirmer test was performed without topical anesthesia.…”

Section: Eye Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Visual Acuity in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2016

Optometry and Vision Science

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Purpose. We evaluated whether a functional visual acuity (FVA) system can detect subtle changes in central visual acuity that reflect pathological findings associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods. Twenty-eight patients with unilateral AMD and logMAR monocular best corrected VA better than 0 in both eyes, as measured by conventional chart examination, were analyzed between November 2012 and April 2013. After measuring conventional VA, FVA, and contrast VA with best correction, routine eye examinations including spectral domainYoptical coherence tomography were performed. Standard Schirmer test was performed, and corneal and lens densities were measured. Results. The FVA score (p G 0.001) and visual maintenance ratio (p G 0.001) measured by the FVA system, contrast VA (p G 0. 01), and conventional VA (p G 0.01) were significantly worse in the AMD-affected eyes than in the fellow eyes. No significant differences were observed in the anterior segment conditions. Forward stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that the length of interdigitation zone disruption, as visualized by optical coherence tomography imaging, correlated with the FVA score (p G 0.01) but not with any other parameters investigated. Conclusions. The FVA system detects subtle changes in best corrected VA in AMD-affected eyes and reflects interdigitation zone disruption, an anatomical change in the retina recorded by optical coherence tomography. Further studies are required to understand the value of the FVA system in detecting subtle changes in AMD. (Optom Vis Sci 2016;93:70Y76) Key Words: functional visual acuity, interdigitation zone, optical coherence tomography, age-related macular degeneration, retina R ecent progress in medical technology and science has facilitated the development of effective treatments for retinal diseases, such as molecular targeted drugs, and antiYvascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), as well as pars plana vitrectomy. With the improvement in prognosis, treatment is extended to patients who have better visual function at baseline. Thus, a sensitive method for detecting subtle changes in central visual acuity (VA) that reflects pathological findings of AMD and other retinal diseases is warranted. One method proposed for this purpose is the functional VA (FVA) system. The FVA system can detect subtle visual dysfunction caused by epiretinal membrane in eyes with good VA as measured by conventional Landolt C charts.1 However, whether this method is able to detect the subtle impairment of visual function caused by AMD and reflect the retinal clinical findings remains obscure.The FVA system uses a series of charts shown continuously and requires patient responses within 2 s of each chart display, which is in contrast to the conventional Landolt C chart examination, in which patients can stare at the chart before responding. Contrast VA testing involves the use of a lower-contrast Landolt C chart than conventional VA measurement, but...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Eye Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Eye Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Visual Acuity in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2016

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…23 Another report showed that FVA testing has an acceptable reproducibility 21 and that the results correlated significantly with tear quantities, tear stability, and ocular surface vital staining scores. 24 In this study, FVA measurements revealed impaired visual acuity values compared with the values observed by conventional visual acuity measurement before treatment. Although conventional visual acuity measurement might be good for the assessment of vision at 1 point, FVA can reveal a dynamic and detailed visual acuity over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%