The Relation between Trace Elements Levels and Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease in Basra

Trace elements in patients with aortic valve sclerosis

“…The main findings of this study indicate that there was a significant difference between the prevalence of diabetes and blood pressure levels in the AVSc patient group compared with the healthy group ( p < 0.05), as shown in Table 2. The results of a previous study 34 found that there was a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease than in the subjects in the control group ( p < 0.05), which are in line with the results of our study. Additionally, this present study indicated that there was a significantly positive correlation between the patient’s systolic blood pressure values and BMI values ( p < 0.01), as shown in Table 3.…”

“…The present study also indicated that serum Zn concentrations in AVSc patients were significantly lower ( p < 0.05) than those of the control group, as shown in Table 2 . This was in line with the results of some studies 15 , 34 , 38 , 39 which found that serum Zn concentrations were significantly lower in patients with coronary artery disease, sclerotic heart valves, rheumatic heart disease, and heart failure, respectively, compared with healthy subjects (see Table 4 ). Zinc deficiency has been linked with acrodermatitis enteropathica, malabsorption, malignancy, sickle cell disorder, chronic renal disorder, 42 type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic liver disorder, 41 cardiovascular disorder, 37 and Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases.…”

“…Our study also recorded low Fe values in the AVSc group compared with the control subjects; however, these were not statically significant ( p > 0.05) (see Table 2 ). The Fe levels in patients with AVSc were found to be lower in the present study than those of patients with sclerotic heart valves, 15 heart failure, 43 and obstructive coronary artery disease, 34 as shown sequentially in Table 4 . The essential trace element Fe is required for the growth and survival of nearly all organisms 44 and plays a role in host defence mechanisms in our bodies.…”

“…A bit increase in serum Cu levels more likely reflects the increased or ongoing inflammation process in this disorder or might be related to the imbalance in the other trace elements such as Zn and Fe. The Cu values in the AVSc patient group were found to be higher in the present study than those of patients with rheumatic heart disease 38 and heart failure, 39 and lower than those of patients with obstructive coronary artery disease 34 and sclerotic heart valves, 15 as shown in Table 4.…”

Comparison of serum copper levels between coronary artery disease patients and normal individuals: a case-control study

“…In a study done by Jamal A. Al-Dohanet al, 2015 [18], they found out that in Cox-multivariate survival models adjusted for age, ischemic electrocardiogram in exercise, maximal oxygen uptake, family history of CAD, cigarette smoking years, diabetes mellitus, mean systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol subfraction HDL 2 and low LDL cholesterol concentrations and blood leukocyte count, examination year, serum copper concentration in the two highest tertiles (1.02-1.16 mg/litre and 1.17 mg/litre or more) are associated with 3.5-fold (95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.3-9.4, p < 0.05) and 4.0-fold (95 per cent CI 1.5-10.8, p < 0.01) risk for acute myocardial infarction. Scheiber et al, 2014 [19] study found that total mean copper levels were notably higher in patients with acute coronary artery disease (141.0 ± 15.2) compared to controls (97.0 ± 10.8) with p-value = 0.004 and this difference was seen in both males and females (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 respectively).…”