The relation between the space constant and conduction velocity in nerve fibres of the A group from the frog's sciatic

Lussier, J. J.; Rushton, W. A. H.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1951.sp004631

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In these experiments micro-electrodes were inserted to depths < 1 mm into the cuneate, and were judged by several criteria to be near the presynaptic terminals. Since the space constant of vertebrate nerve fibres is 1-2 mm (Barron & Matthews, 1935;Lussier & Rushton, 1951), it seems 683 reasonable to conclude that the direct (o) lemniscal potential evoked by stimulation in the cuneate substantially reflects the excitability of the post-synaptic neurones (Andersen et al 1964).…”

Section: Excitability Of Cuneate Neuronesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The action of carbon dioxide on synaptic transmission in the cuneate nucleus

Morris¹

1971

The Journal of Physiology

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Section: Excitability Of Cuneate Neuronesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The action of carbon dioxide on synaptic transmission in the cuneate nucleus

Morris¹

1971

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Unfortunately, motor unit recruitment is unphysiological, as larger motor units most commonly become activated before small motor units. This is believed to be due to their diameter and myelination, which defines the intracellular resistance and capacity, respectively, which is also reflected by the differences in the space constant [85,121]. This rather unphysiological recruitment order leads to an aggravated fatigue development, especially during high force generation.…”

Section: Electrical Stimulation Of Skeletal Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the clinical translation of optogenetic skeletal muscle stimulation

Gundelach

Hüser

Beutner

et al. 2020

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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Paralysis is a frequent phenomenon in many diseases, and to date, only functional electrical stimulation (FES) mediated via the innervating nerve can be employed to restore skeletal muscle function in patients. Despite recent progress, FES has several technical limitations and significant side effects. Optogenetic stimulation has been proposed as an alternative, as it may circumvent some of the disadvantages of FES enabling cell type–specific, spatially and temporally precise stimulation of cells expressing light-gated ion channels, commonly Channelrhodopsin2. Two distinct approaches for the restoration of skeletal muscle function with optogenetics have been demonstrated: indirect optogenetic stimulation through the innervating nerve similar to FES and direct optogenetic stimulation of the skeletal muscle. Although both approaches show great promise, both have their limitations and there are several general hurdles that need to be overcome for their translation into clinics. These include successful gene transfer, sustained optogenetic protein expression, and the creation of optically active implantable devices. Herein, a comprehensive summary of the underlying mechanisms of electrical and optogenetic approaches is provided. With this knowledge in mind, we substantiate a detailed discussion of the advantages and limitations of each method. Furthermore, the obstacles in the way of clinical translation of optogenetic stimulation are discussed, and suggestions on how they could be overcome are provided. Finally, four specific examples of pathologies demanding novel therapeutic measures are discussed with a focus on the likelihood of direct versus indirect optogenetic stimulation.

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Saltatory conduction in single isolated and non‐isolated myelinated nerve fibres

Bishop¹,

Levick²

1956

J. Cell. Comp. Physiol.

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The relation between the space constant and conduction velocity in nerve fibres of the A group from the frog's sciatic

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

The action of carbon dioxide on synaptic transmission in the cuneate nucleus

The action of carbon dioxide on synaptic transmission in the cuneate nucleus

Towards the clinical translation of optogenetic skeletal muscle stimulation

Saltatory conduction in single isolated and non‐isolated myelinated nerve fibres

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