The relation between self-efficacy and sport performance: Evidence from a sample of youth baseball players

Watkins, Bruce A.; García, Alfredo; Turek, Ed

doi:10.1080/10413209408406463

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…This study replicated the design of earlier studies done with children in an athletic/physical skill environment, including Watkins, Garcia, and Turek (1994) and Miller (1993), but involved a different participant group than other studies. One earlier study investigated the self-efficacy of young, male baseball players, between the ages of 9 and 17 (Watkins et al, 1994). The participants in this study were avid baseball players enrolled at a baseball camp.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Inviting Self-Efficacy in Children

White¹

2022

JITP

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The predictive power of self-efficacy beliefs of children aged 4 to 10 was investigated using common schoolyard activities. Participants were 24 elementary school-aged children and 4 pre-kindergarten-aged children. Age-appropriate tasks included the standing broad jump for both groups, a targeted ball kick for the older group and basketball dribbling for the younger group. Results indicated that until around the fifth birthday, the age at which most children begin formal education, the ability to predict performance was not reliable. The school-aged children were more accurate in their predictions and, as a group, illustrated the role of peer support and selfconfidence in developing self-efficacy.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Inviting Self-Efficacy in Children

White¹

2022

JITP

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“…Prior performance remained a significant predictor of performance throughout the task. This pattern has also been found in trial-to-trial studies with hitting in baseball (Watkins, Garcia, & Turek, 1994).…”

supporting

confidence: 57%

“…Despite the strong evidence for the existence of the variability of efficacy beliefs and the temporally recursive efficacy-performance relationship (Feltz, 1982;Feltz & Lirgg, 1998;Feltz & Mugno, 1983;George, 1994;Hepler & Feltz, 2012;Heuzé et al, 2006;Myers, Feltz, & Short, 2004;Myers, Payment, et al, 2004;Watkins et al, 1994), these concepts have not been studied concurrently with sport performance within one continuous sport task (i.e. a non-stop, uninterrupted performance).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

The relationship between self-efficacy and performance within a continuous educational gymnastics routine

LaForge-MacKenzie

Sullivan

2014

International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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Self-efficacy has been shown to be related to sport performance in a significant and reciprocal fashion over one season and across repeated trials. The present study investigated the selfefficacy-performance relationship within one continuous (i.e. uninterrupted) sport task. Forty-seven participants had their self-efficacy and performance measured concurrently five times within one educational gymnastic routine. A path analysis revealed that self-efficacy was not a significant predictor of performance, nor was performance a significant predictor of self-efficacy. Previous performance was, however, a significant predictor of subsequent performance, and previous self-efficacy was a significant predictor of subsequent selfefficacy. Although these findings were inconsistent with previous trial-to-trial self-efficacyperformance studies, this may be due to a notion of "overconfidence" developed as a result of the routines created by the participants in an educational gymnastics course. The results further raise an interesting issue of whether the previously established reciprocal selfefficacy-performance relationship remains recursive when tasks vary within one performance.Successful performances in sport are the goals of many individuals. Coaches and athletes are continually in search of ways to improve sport performances. In order to contribute to this, researchers must investigate what influences athletic performance behaviours in order to improve them, including psychological factors such as cognition, motivation, and emotion (Feltz, Short, & Sullivan, 2008). Social cognitive theory attempts to explain how these psychological factors affect human behaviour and how human behaviours in turn affect these psychological factors. A key assumption of social cognitive theory is that individuals are able to plan, self-reflect, and selfregulate (Bandura, 1986). Moreover, people are dynamic shapers of their environments rather than passive reactors (Bandura, 1986(Bandura, , 1997Maddux, 1995). Specifically, individual environments are influenced by a person's actions, situational conditions, and personal features that interact in a reciprocal process that ultimately motivate and affect behaviour (Bandura, 2001).The construct of self-efficacy is part of the more general framework of social cognitive theory. Self-efficacy is defined as the beliefs in one's abilities to organise and perform the actions required to accomplish a specific goal (Bandura, 1977(Bandura, , 1997). In other words, self-efficacy beliefs are not judgements about what skills you possess but rather evaluations of what can be achieved with those skills (Bandura, 1986).Bandura (1997) proposed four principle sources of self-efficacy: enactive mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological and affective states.

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“…正相关(Feltz, Short, & Sullivan, 2008;Hepler & Chase, 2008;Sheldon & Eccles, 2005;Watkins, Garcia, & Turek, 1994); 不仅如此, 有研究者通过纵向研究发现集体的自我效能感跟集体的竞技表现也存在着显著的正相关(Myers, Feltz, & Short, 2004)。认知对竞技表现的间接影响过程：当焦虑感过强或没能得到运动员适当的控制时 (认为"资源"不能满足"需求", 即处于威胁状态的可能性更高…”

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The Theory of Challenge and Threat States in Athletes and Self-Control in Competition

Li¹,

Zhang²,

Zhang³

2013

Advances in Psychological Science

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The Theory of Challenge and Threat States in Athletes (TCTSA) believes that athletes in challenge state would show higher self-efficacy and sense of control, set more approach achievement goals, experience more positive emotions, occasionally feel negative ones but in an effective way, competitive performances are improved with more positive emotions and biological reactions. However, athletes in threat state would show lower self-efficacy and sense of control, set more avoidance achievement goals, competitive performances are damaged with more negative emotions and biological reactions. Sufficient evidences support that self-control can be influenced by self-efficacy and motivation, therefore, athletes' self-control ability might be enhanced in challenge state, but impaired by threat state. Research in the future needs to examine the influence of challenge and threat states on self-control and explore how to effectively activate challenge state before a competition, in order to enhance athletes' self-control ability and performances.

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The relation between self-efficacy and sport performance: Evidence from a sample of youth baseball players

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Inviting Self-Efficacy in Children

Inviting Self-Efficacy in Children

The relationship between self-efficacy and performance within a continuous educational gymnastics routine

The Theory of Challenge and Threat States in Athletes and Self-Control in Competition

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