The relation between psychometric measures of anxiety and masculinity-femininity

Gotts, Edward E.; Phillips, Beeman N.

doi:10.1016/0022-4405(68)90007-1

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Homosexuality in men, adjudged to be pathological and maladaptive, was one diagnostic criterion advocated by Terman and Miles (1936), and a notable amount of research was conducted investigating the predictive validity of various masculinity/femininity scales regarding male sexual object choice (e.g., Burton, 1947;Krippner, 1964;Manosevitz, 1970). In a similar vein, research was conducted to determine the contribution of masculinity/femininity to global adjustment (e.g., Mussen, 1961), schizophrenia (e.g., Reed, 1956), anxiety (e.g., Consen tino & Heilbrun, 1964;Gotts & Phillips, 1968;Gray, 1957), obesity (e.g., Lefley, 1971), and alcoholism (e.g., Jensen & Hoffman, 1973), among other adjustment indicators. The persistent assumption was that masculinity in males and femininity in females is functional for adaptation.…”

Section: Masculinity Femininity and Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological androgyny: A case of mistaken identity?

Locksley¹,

Colten²

1979

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article critically discusses theoretical and methodological issues raised by psychological androgyny research and theory. A number of problematic assumptions shared by this approach and the previous masculinity/femininity approach are detailed. The first part of the article considers whether inventories devised to tap general sex stereotypes should be used as individual personality measures. Alternative forms of cognitive structures, linking sex, other person features, and behavioral rules, are described and hypothesized to have sex-differentiating effects on behavior. The second part of the article discusses problems created by the persistent use of indicators of adaptation and mental health as criterion variables in research on sex identity and sex roles. It is suggested that a psychological theory of sex identity and sex roles should recognize the fact that sex is a structural feature of situations and of ongoing organizations of life experience. In a society in which sex plays a role in the very structuration of experience, the notion of psychological androgyny, with its implication of freedom from sex-related social and biological effects on personality and behavior, is arbitrary.

show abstract