The relation between Helicobacter pylori and atherosclerosis cannot be explained by a high homocysteine concentration

Bloemenkamp, Daisy G.M; Mali, Willem P.Th.M.; Tanis, Bea C.; Rosendaal, Frits R.; Bosch, Maurice A.A.J. van den; Kemmeren, Jeanet M.; Algra, Ale; Visseren, Frank L.J.; Graaf, Y. van der

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2362.2002.01022.x

Cited by 15 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Some studies demonstrated an association between H. pylori infection and hyperhomocysteinemia 1-4, while the other studies did not. 15, 16, 21-23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

No associations of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric atrophy with plasma total homocysteine in Japanese

Itou¹,

Goto²,

Kondo³

et al. 2007

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Recent studies have suggested that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection might be a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Since the bacterium has not been isolated from atherosclerotic lesions, a direct role in atherogenesis is not plausible. We examined associations of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and serum folate, independent risk factors for atherosclerosis, with H. pylori infection and subsequent gastric atrophy among 174 patients (78 males and 96 females) aged 20 to 73 years, who visited an H. pylori eradication clinic of Nagoya University from July 2004 to October 2005. Polymorphism genotyping was conducted for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and thymidylate synthase (TS) 28-bp tandem repeats by PCR with confronting two-pair primers and PCR, respectively. H. pylori infection and gastric atrophy were not significantly associated with hyperhomocysteinemia (tHcy ≥ 12 nmol/ml), when adjusted by sex, age, smoking, alcohol, and genotypes of MTHFR and TS. The adjusted odds ratio of gastric atrophy for low folate level (≤ 4mg/ml) was 0.21 (95% confidence interval = 0.05-0.78). The associations of tHcy with serum folate and MTHFR genotype were clearly observed in this dataset. The present study demonstrated that folate and MTHFR genotype were the deterministic factors of plasma tHcy, but not H. pylori infection and subsequent gastric atrophy, indicating that even if H. pylori infection influences the risk of atherosclerosis, the influence may not be through the elevation of homocysteine.

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“…Some studies demonstrated an association between H. pylori infection and hyperhomocysteinemia 1-4, while the other studies did not. 15, 16, 21-23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

No associations of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric atrophy with plasma total homocysteine in Japanese

Itou¹,

Goto²,

Kondo³

et al. 2007

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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“…The levels of Hcy in circulation are inversely related to renal function [8]. The association between Hcy and cardiovascular diseases [9, 10] and dementia [11, 12] has been shown in several studies, but is controversial [13, 14]. The cut-off value for the Hcy concentration used to define hyperhomocysteinemia is poorly defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homocysteine Levels in Chronic Gastritis and Other Conditions: Relations to Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Dementia

et al. 2009

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Background Homocysteine levels in circulation are determined by several factors and hyperhomocysteinemia is reportedly associated with cardiovascular diseases and dementia. The aim of this study is to determine the relation of chronic gastritis and other conditions to homocysteine levels and their relation to incident cardiovascular diseases and dementia. Methods An adult population-based cohort (N = 488) was screened for H. pylori infection, gastro-duodenitis (endoscopic biopsies), disease history, and lifestyle factors. Blood samples were analyzed for pepsinogen I and II (gastric function), vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine, and cystatin C (renal function). The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism reportedly associated with hyperhomocysteinemia was analyzed by pyrosequencing. Incident cardiovascular diseases and dementia were monitored during a median follow-up interval of 10 years. Results At baseline, there was a positive relation of S-homocysteine to male gender, age, S-cystatin C, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677TT genotype and atrophic gastritis. During follow-up, cardiovascular diseases occurred in 101/438 and dementia in 25/488 participants, respectively. Logistic regression analysis (adjusting for gender, age at baseline, follow-up interval, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, NSAID use, P-cholesterol, and P-triglycerides) showed an association of S-homocysteine higher than 14.5 μmol/l to cardiovascular diseases (OR 2.05 [95% c.i. 1.14–3.70]), but not to dementia overall. Conclusions Gender, age, vitamin B12, folate, renal function, atrophic gastritis and the methylenetetrahydrofolate 677TT genotype were significant determinants of homocysteine levels, which were positively related to incident cardiovascular diseases.

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“…Even higher cobalamin levels were reported by Bloemenkamp et al [24] in H. pylori-positive subjects in a study including women with peripheral artery disease and controls. Since the latter two studies also investigated homocysteine, they are described in detail below.…”

Section: Helicobacter and Subclinical Cobalamin Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 56%

“…No difference in homocysteine according to H. pylori status was found in 150 women with peripheral artery disease and 412 control women [24]. H. pylori was diagnosed by positive IgG antibody test.…”

Section: Is Helicobacter Infection Related To Hyperhomocysteinaemia?mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Fong, 1991 [11] Pernicious anemia, case-control study No association Haruma, 1995 [12] Pernicious anemia, case-control study No association Marignani, 1999 [13] Patients with macrocytic anemia No association Annibale, 2001 [14] Pernicious anemia No association Andres, 2003 [15] Cobalamin-deficient elderly No association Annibale, 2000 [16] Pernicious anemia Frequency of H. pylori-positive patients: 60% Kaptan, 2000 [17] Vitamin [24] Women with peripheral artery disease and controls No association Tamura, 2002 [26] Patients with coronary artery disease Higher homocysteine in H. pylori-positive patients Whincup, 2000 [33] Prospective study on CVD Higher homocysteine in H. pylori-positive patients Cenerelli, 2002 [23] Patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and controls Higher homocysteine in H. pylori-positive patients Leung, 2001 [31] Dyspeptic patients No change in homocysteine Kaptan, 2000 [17] Patients with low vitamin B 12 and anemia Increase in serum cobalamin and improvement in haematological variables Avcu, 2001 [18] Vitamin B 12 deficiency anemia Increase in serum cobalamin and improvement in haematological variables Serin, 2002 [29] Low serum cobalamin, no anemia Increase in serum cobalamin ciency occurs slowly due to the low requirement (2 Ìg/ day), the enterohepatic cycle of cobalamin and the liver stores of the vitamin that have been built up during life and that are about 2-3 mg of cobalamin by the age of 60 [3]. The classical sign of vitamin B 12 deficiency is megaloblastic anaemia which, however, occurs in only 50% of vitamin B 12 -deficient subjects.…”

Section: Pernicious Anemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Helicobacter pylori Infection, Vitamin B12 and Homocysteine

Dierkes¹,

Eder

Malfertheiner

et al. 2003

Dig Dis

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It has been suggested that there is an association between Helicobacter pylori infection, reduced cobalamin absorption and cobalamin status and, consequently, elevated homocysteine levels. This would offer an explanation why H. pylori infection is associated with coronary heart disease. To date, more than 25 studies have been published that either deal with H. pylori infection and homocysteine, H. pylori infection and cobalamin status, or both. The design of these studies differs widely in terms of definition of H. pylori status, measuring cobalamin status, selection of study cohorts and geographical study areas. Therefore, results are fairly inconclusive at present and do not suggest a major role of H. pylori infection in the development of cobalamin deficiency and elevated homocysteine levels.

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The relation between Helicobacter pylori and atherosclerosis cannot be explained by a high homocysteine concentration

Abstract: This study shows a relationship between a positive immunoglobulin G antibody titre against H. pylori and PAD in young women. Moreover, this study does not support the hypothesis that H. pylori infection is related to atherosclerosis via an increase in plasma homocysteine concentration.

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

No associations of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric atrophy with plasma total homocysteine in Japanese

No associations of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric atrophy with plasma total homocysteine in Japanese

Homocysteine Levels in Chronic Gastritis and Other Conditions: Relations to Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Dementia

<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection, Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> and Homocysteine

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