The Relation Between Climatic Factors and Malaria Incidence in Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran

Abstract

Malaria is a major health problem in many tropical and subtropical countries and in the south of Iran. In this study, due to the importance of the disease in Sistan and Baluchestan province, the influence of temperature, humidity, and rainfall on malaria has been evaluated in areas with a high incidence of malaria. Malaria incidence data were inquired from the Province Health Authority, and climatic variables were inquired from the Bureau of Meteorology from 2000 to 2012 and were analyzed on a monthly basis. Changes in incidence of malaria with climatic factors were analyzed by negative binomial regression by Stata 11, and the correlations were calculated with Minitab15 for determining the potential impact of meteorological variables with and without lags on malaria transmission. The incidence of malaria had a significant positive correlation with the average, minimum, and maximum monthly temperatures and a negative correlation with rainfall and low humidity (<60%). However, humidity >60% had a positive impact on incidence; as in the town of Chabahar after adjusting variables such as rainfall and temperature; every one percent increase in humidity caused a 4% increase in malaria incidence in the same month and a significant 6% increase in the next month. Temperature and humidity over 60% are effective climate parameters in the incidence of malaria. These factors should be considered in planning for controlling and preventing malaria.

Spatio-Temporal Variation of Malaria Incidence and Risk Factors in West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia

“…This finding is not parallel to the study finding of Akure, Nigeria, 45 Motuo county, Tibet, 40 and Baluchestan, Iran. 46 This might be due to the effect of high relative humidity of the area above which the survival of mosquito vector will be declining. In the negative binomial regression analysis, relative humidity at 2 months lag was significantly associated to malaria incidence negatively.…”

Climate change impacts on infectious diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East (EMME)—risks and recommendations

“…The increase in maximum temperature was associated with increased incidence between 13 and 35% per different locations. In the one-month lag time analysis, each 1% increase in humidity was respectively associated with a 3–10% increase in malaria incidence (Mohammadkhani et al 2019 ).…”

“…In both scenarios, the function of the climatic suitability for transmission is crucial. While most studies from the EMME are based on data from urban areas (e.g., Hashem et al 2018 ; Mohammadkhani et al 2019 ), epidemiological data should be collected systematically not only in urban environments, but also in poorer and more remote areas. Reliable data is essential for targeting prevention measures—such as test, trace, and isolate policies, as in the current COVID-19 outbreak.…”

Faktor Sosiodemografi dan Riwayat Klinis Malaria Terhadap Insidensi Malaria di Manokwari

“…4 Insidensi kasus malaria di daerah endemik dapat disebabkan oleh faktor musim. 16,17 Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus, yang merupakan akhir musim kemarau di Manokwari. Pada bulan tersebut intensitas curah hujan rendah, 18 sedangkan kasus malaria akan meningkat setelah puncak musim hujan.…”