The rehabilitation of former Soviet military sites in Hungary

Abstract

This paper focuses on the current status and future possibilities of the regeneration of former Soviet military sites in Hungary. As part of our research a nationwide survey was conducted in order to determine the location, size and present function of such military sites. In addition, empirical research was carried out in six selected medium size cities (county seats). Aft er the introduction of our methodology, the paper briefl y presents the state-of-the-art of research on brownfi eld sites in Hungary, subsequently, the results of our survey are introduced. On the basis of the analysis, we discuss the following aspects: factors of successful rehabilitation and factors that -against the expectations -did not contribute to the quick and successful renewal of these urban sites.

Conversion and sustainable use of abandoned military sites in the Zagreb Urban Agglomeration

“…Numerous spatial and social studies are devoted to the problem of abandonment at the level of entire cities and regions (Detroit, Ruhr) that were once primarily characterised by traditional industrial production and are searching for a new meaning and basis of existence, to varying degrees of success (Matković and Jakovčić, 2019 brownfieldi u urbanim područjima nastali kao posljedica procesa suburbanizacije i izmještanja aktivnosti na periferiju / brownfields in urban areas caused by suburbanisation process and displacement of industrial activities to the periphery brownfieldi u ruralnim područjima koji su rezultat gubitka radnih mjesta u primarnom sektoru / brownfields in rural areas mainly connected with loss of jobs in primary economic activities brownfieldi kao rezultat neekonomskoga uzroka / brownfields as a result of a non-economic cause ekonomski status / economic status tržišno atraktivni brownfieldi koji su obično smješteni na kvalitetnim i atraktivnim gradskim lokacijama, a njihova je regeneracija obično rezultat ulaganja privatnoga sektora / brownfields in traditional industrial zones caused by massive decline in industrial jobs in the coal, steel and textile industries prema Đokić i Sumpor ( 2010 (Hercik i Szczyrba, 2012). Specifičnost je vojnih brownfielda u tome što njihovo napuštanje nije uzrokovano ekonomskim, već političkim razlozima (Kádár, 2014. ) Tranzicijski procesi u postsocijalističkim zemljama središnje i istočne Europe obuhvatili su i proces demilitarizacije, a vojni brownfieldi pojavili su se na mjestu velikoga broja nekadašnjih vojnih sadržaja (Morar i dr., 2016).…”

“…U većini zemalja pitanje vojnih prostora prožeto je sigurnosnim ograničenjima zbog kojih podatci u pravilu ostaju nedostupni i znanstvena istraživanja nemoguća (Kardov i Tabak, 2014.). Autori iz postsocijalističkih zemalja ističu i drugi mogući razlog slabije istraženosti vojnih brownfielda koji proizlazi iz činjenice da su površinom najzastupljeniji industrijski brownfieldi dugo bili u fokusu istraživanja, što je ostale vrste brownfielda stavilo u drugi plan (Hercik i dr., 2014;Kádár, 2014).…”

“…es) have lost their significance and purpose (Hercik and Szczyrba, 2012). Military brownfield sites are special for the fact that they are abandoned for political, rather than economic, reasons (Kádár, 2014). Transition processes in the post-socialist countries of Central and Eastern Europe have also included the process of demilitarisation, and military brownfields have emerged in sites of many former military installations (Morar et al, 2016).…”

“…Authors from post-socialist countries also draw attention to another possible reason for the poor state of research into military brownfield sites. The industrial brownfields occupying the largest areas have long been the focus of research, while other types of brownfield sites are of secondary importance (Hercik et al, 2014;Kádár, 2014).…”

“…Lokacije su raspršene po čitavom teritoriju države, sa zamjetnom koncentracijom u zapadnom dijelu zemlje, odnosno prema nekadašnjoj "željeznoj zavjesi". Istraživanje je pokazalo da lokalne vlasti nisu imale nikakvih spoznaja o 24 % napuštenih vojnih lokacija smještenih unutar njihova administrativnoga područja, što se posebno odnosi na tajne lokacije poput nekadašnjih skladišta bombi (Kádár, 2014).…”