The Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer

Loh, Hui-Yi; Norman, Brendan P.; Lai, Kok-Song; Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd; Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu Mohamed; Osman, Mohamad

doi:10.3390/ijms20194940

Cited by 250 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 165 publications

(193 reference statements)

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“…Cancer cells manipulate the balance of microRNAs to favor cell growth and survival, proactively adapting their expression profile to the evolving state of cancer progression [17]. Over 900 microRNAs have been characterized, and their role within breast cancer and treatment failure is reviewed elsewhere [16,18].…”

Section: Introduction-history Of Breast Cancer Current Management Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Autotaxin and Breast Cancer: Towards Overcoming Treatment Barriers and Sequelae

Benesch

Tang

Brindley

2020

Cancers

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After a decade of intense preclinical investigations, the first in-class autotaxin inhibitor, GLPG1690, has entered Phase III clinical trials for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In the intervening time, a deeper understanding of the role of the autotaxin–lysophosphatidate (LPA)–lipid phosphate phosphatase axis in breast cancer progression and treatment resistance has emerged. Concordantly, appreciation of the tumor microenvironment and chronic inflammation in cancer biology has matured. The role of LPA as a central mediator behind these concepts has been exemplified within the breast cancer field. In this review, we will summarize current challenges in breast cancer therapy and delineate how blocking LPA signaling could provide novel adjuvant therapeutic options for overcoming therapy resistance and adverse side effects, including radiation-induced fibrosis. The advent of autotaxin inhibitors in clinical practice could herald their applications as adjuvant therapies to improve the therapeutic indexes of existing treatments for breast and other cancers.

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Section: Introduction-history Of Breast Cancer Current Management Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Autotaxin and Breast Cancer: Towards Overcoming Treatment Barriers and Sequelae

Benesch

Tang

Brindley

2020

Cancers

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“…MiRNAs are non-coding RNA molecules, which play important roles in physiological and pathological processes by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression [12]. In recent years, numerous studies revealed the function of miRNAs as potential biomarkers and key modulators in breast cancer [13,14]. CSCs are at least in part responsible for chemoresistance in tumors [4,15], the chemotherapeutic-dependent regulation of miRNAs in BCSCs are yet unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotherapeutic Stress Influences Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Stemness in Cancer Stem Cells of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Xiao

Strietz

Bleilevens

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) and lacking an overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Apart from this lack of therapeutic targets, TNBC also shows an increased capacity for early metastasis and therapy resistance. Currently, many TNBC patients receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) upon detection of the disease. With TNBC likely being driven at least in part by a cancer stem-like cell type, we wanted to evaluate the response of primary cancer stem cells (CSCs) to standard chemotherapeutics. Therefore, we set up a survival model using primary CSCs to mimic tumor cells in patients under chemotherapy. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) were exposed to chemotherapeutics with a sublethal dose for six days. Surviving cells were allowed to recover in culture medium without chemotherapeutics. Surviving and recovered cells were examined in regard to proliferation, migratory capacity, sphere forming capacity, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) factor expression at the mRNA level, and cancer-related microRNA (miRNA) profile. Our results indicate that chemotherapeutic stress enhanced sphere forming capacity of BCSCs, and changed cell morphology and EMT-related gene expression at the mRNA level, whereas the migratory capacity was unaffected. Six miRNAs were identified as potential regulators in this process.

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“…In addition, miRNAs involved in the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway play a crucial role in modulating EMT and tumor metastasis [115]. miR-374a is highly expressed in metastatic breast cancer and it downregulates epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin, and upregulates mesenchymal markers, such as N-cadherin and vimentin, thus promoting EMT.…”

Section: Mirna In Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

microRNAs in the Antitumor Immune Response and in Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer: From Biological Mechanisms to Therapeutics

Maroni

Banfi

Lombardi

2020

IJMS

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Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women, and the occurrence of metastasis drastically worsens the prognosis and reduces overall survival. Understanding the biological mechanisms that regulate the transformation of malignant cells, the consequent metastatic transformation, and the immune surveillance in the tumor progression would contribute to the development of more effective and targeted treatments. In this context, microRNAs (miRNAs) have proven to be key regulators of the tumor-immune cells crosstalk for the hijack of the immunosurveillance to promote tumor cells immune escape and cancer progression, as well as modulators of the metastasis formation process, ranging from the preparation of the metastatic site to the transformation into the migrating phenotype of tumor cells. In particular, their deregulated expression has been linked to the aberrant expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes to promote tumorigenesis. This review aims at summarizing the role and functions of miRNAs involved in antitumor immune response and in the metastasis formation process in breast cancer. Additionally, miRNAs are promising targets for gene therapy as their modulation has the potential to support or inhibit specific mechanisms to negatively affect tumorigenesis. With this perspective, the most recent strategies developed for miRNA-based therapeutics are illustrated.

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The Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer

Cited by 250 publications

References 165 publications

Autotaxin and Breast Cancer: Towards Overcoming Treatment Barriers and Sequelae

Autotaxin and Breast Cancer: Towards Overcoming Treatment Barriers and Sequelae

Chemotherapeutic Stress Influences Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Stemness in Cancer Stem Cells of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

microRNAs in the Antitumor Immune Response and in Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer: From Biological Mechanisms to Therapeutics

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