The regulatory effect of fermented black barley on the gut microbiota and metabolic dysbiosis in mice exposed to cigarette smoke

Zhong, Lingyue; Qin, Lu‐Ping; XianBin, Ding; Ma, Lei; Wang, Yao; Liu, Minghua; Chen, Hui; Yan, Hongli; Liu, Song

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111465

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In light of these observations, some authors have proposed a role of antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, and faecal transplantation in the restoration of gut eubiosis in smokers, even though most of the studies have been conducted in animal models [ 66 , 81 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Smoking on Microbiota: A Narrative Review

et al. 2023

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Cigarette smoke is a classic risk factor for many diseases. The microbiota has been recently indicated as a new, major player in human health. Its deregulation—dysbiosis—is considered a new risk factor for several illnesses. Some studies highlight a cross-interaction between these two risk factors—smoke and dysbiosis—that may explain the pathogenesis of some diseases. We searched the keywords “smoking OR smoke AND microbiota” in the title of articles on PubMed®, UptoDate®, and Cochrane®. We included articles published in English over the last 25 years. We collected approximately 70 articles, grouped into four topics: oral cavity, airways, gut, and other organs. Smoke may impair microbiota homeostasis through the same harmful mechanisms exerted on the host cells. Surprisingly, dysbiosis and its consequences affect not only those organs that are in direct contact with the smoke, such as the oral cavity or the airways, but also involve distant organs, such as the gut, heart, vessels, and genitourinary tract. These observations yield a deeper insight into the mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of smoke-related diseases, suggesting a role of dysbiosis. We speculate that modulation of the microbiota may help prevent and treat some of these illnesses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Smoking on Microbiota: A Narrative Review

et al. 2023

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“…The indexes that we used concordantly showed that α-diversity was not modified by exposure to CS. Consistently, Shannon, ACE, and Chao1 indexes were unchanged after 0.5-, 1.5-, and 3-months CS exposure, respectively [ 69 , 70 , 71 ]. These latter α-diversity indexes were also found unmodified in colon microbiota after a three- [ 72 ] or 6-month exposure in addition to richness, Evenness, and Faith’s phylogenetic diversity [ 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Chronic Exposure to Both Electronic and Conventional Cigarettes Alters Ileum and Colon Turnover, Immune Function, and Barrier Integrity in Mice

Djouina,

Ollivier,

Waxin

et al. 2024

JoX

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Although the effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on the development of several intestinal diseases is well documented, the impact of e-cigarette aerosol (e-cig) on digestive health is largely unknown. To compare the effects of e-cig and CS on mouse ileum and colon, animals were chronically exposed for 6 months by nose-only inhalation to e-cig at 18 or 30 W power, or to 3R4F CS. Results showed that e-cig exposure decreased colon cell proliferation. Several other proliferative defects were observed in response to both e-cig and CS exposure, including up- and down-regulation of cyclin D1 protein levels in the ileum and colon, respectively. E-cig and CS exposure reduced myeloperoxidase activity in the ileum. In the colon, both exposures disrupted gene expression of cytokines and T cell transcription factors. For tight junction genes, ZO-1- and occludin-protein expression levels were reduced in the ileum and colon, respectively, by e-cig and CS exposure. The 16S sequencing of microbiota showed specific mild dysbiosis, according to the type of exposure. Overall, e-cig exposure led to altered proliferation, inflammation, and barrier function in both the ileum and colon, and therefore may be a gut hazard on par with conventional CS.

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“…Cigarette smoking has been linked to increased expression of miR-21 in chronic inflammation responses, while flavonoids have shown the potential to counteract this elevation in miR-21 expression induced by cigarette smoking [49]. Additionally, studies have demonstrated that fermented black barley containing flavonoids from lactobacillus kisonensis may mitigate the harmful effects of tobacco smoking by regulating dysbiosis in gut microbiota and metabolic imbalances in lipids and amino acids [50]. Consequently, gut microbiota may wield a pivotal role in the shared pathways of dietary flavonoid intake and serum cotinine levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dietary flavonoid intake with the largest weight in the serum cotinine levels was anthocyanidins (32.30%), followed by Isoflavones (26.80%), flavones (19.50%), flavanones (18.80%), and flavan-3-ols (2.49%), and the detailed weight of each dietary flavonoid intake is presented in Figure 2. (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59), or ≥60), sex (male or female), and race/ethnicity (Mexican American, Other Hispanic, Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, or Other), education level (below high school, high school, or above high school), family PIR (≤1.0, 1.1-3.0, or >3.0), drinking status (nondrinker, low-to-moderate drinker, or heavy drinker), energy intake levels (in quartiles), BMI (<25.0, 25.0-29.9, or >29.9), supplement use (yes or no), and smoking status (never smoker, former smoker, or current smoker).…”

Section: The Associations Between the Mixture Of Six Dietary Flavonoi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Dietary Flavonoid Intake with Serum Cotinine Levels in the General Adult Population

Zhu,

Lin,

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Cotinine, the primary metabolite of nicotine, can be utilized as a marker for active smoking and as an indicator of exposure to secondhand smoke. However, the direct relationship between dietary flavonoid intake and serum cotinine levels remains a subject of ongoing investigation. In this study, we utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2010 and 2017–2018 to assess the association between dietary flavonoid intake and serum cotinine levels in adults through multiple linear regression analysis. A weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model was used to assess the association of the mixture of six dietary flavonoids with serum cotinine levels in adults, which could represent the overall effect of the mixture of six dietary flavonoids. We also conducted stratified analyses by smoke status to explore multiple linear regression associations between different flavonoid intake and serum cotinine levels. A total of 14,962 adults were included in the study. Compared to the group with the lowest dietary flavonoid intake, total flavonoid intake in the second (β = −0.29 [−0.44, −0.14]), third (β = −0.41 [−0.58, −0.24]), and highest groups (β = −0.32 [−0.49, −0.16]) was inversely related to the levels of serum cotinine after adjusting the full model. An RCS model showed that when the total dietary flavonoid intake was less than 99.61 mg/day, there was a negative linear association between dietary flavonoid intake and the serum cotinine. The WQS regression model also showed that the intake of a mixture of six dietary flavonoids was significantly negatively correlated with serum cotinine levels (β = −0.54 [−0.61, −0.46], p <0.01), with anthocyanins having the greatest effect (weights = 32.30%). Our findings imply a significant correlation between dietary flavonoid intake and serum cotinine levels among adults. The consumption of a combination of six dietary flavonoids was consistently linked to lower serum cotinine levels, with anthocyanins displaying the most pronounced impact.

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The regulatory effect of fermented black barley on the gut microbiota and metabolic dysbiosis in mice exposed to cigarette smoke

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

The Impact of Smoking on Microbiota: A Narrative Review

The Impact of Smoking on Microbiota: A Narrative Review

Chronic Exposure to Both Electronic and Conventional Cigarettes Alters Ileum and Colon Turnover, Immune Function, and Barrier Integrity in Mice

Association of Dietary Flavonoid Intake with Serum Cotinine Levels in the General Adult Population

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