The Regulation of Growth in Developing, Homeostatic, and Regenerating Tetrapod Limbs: A Minireview

Wells, Kaylee M.; Baumel, Mary; McCusker, Catherine

doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.768505

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…The regulation of growth and determination of the final size of a developing structure or during regeneration represents an area of great interest and the underlying mechanisms are still debated (Hafen and Stocker, 2003;Tornini and Poss, 2014;Penzo-Mendez and Stanger, 2015;Vollmer et al, 2017;Wells et al, 2022). Our results show that blocking ROS production during the early stages of regeneration (early/mid blastema formation) generated a significant shortening in the final size of the regenerate and its skeletal components, simulating a miniature limb.…”

Section: Ros/h 2 O 2 An Early Signal Potentially Involved In the Dete...mentioning

confidence: 71%

Post-amputation reactive oxygen species production is necessary for axolotls limb regeneration

Carbonell-M

Cardona

Delgado

2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Introduction: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent molecules of great interest in the field of regenerative biology since several animal models require their production to promote and favor tissue, organ, and appendage regeneration. Recently, it has been shown that the production of ROS such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is required for tail regeneration in Ambystoma mexicanum. However, to date, it is unknown whether ROS production is necessary for limb regeneration in this animal model. Methods: forelimbs of juvenile animals were amputated proximally and the dynamics of ROS production was determined using 2′7- dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) during the regeneration process. Inhibition of ROS production was performed using the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin. Subsequently, a rescue assay was performed using exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The effect of these treatments on the size and skeletal structures of the regenerated limb was evaluated by staining with alcian blue and alizarin red, as well as the effect on blastema formation, cell proliferation, immune cell recruitment, and expression of genes related to proximal-distal identity. Results: our results show that inhibition of post-amputation limb ROS production in the A. mexicanum salamander model results in the regeneration of a miniature limb with a significant reduction in the size of skeletal elements such as the ulna, radius, and overall autopod. Additionally, other effects such as decrease in the number of carpals, defective joint morphology, and failure of integrity between the regenerated structure and the remaining tissue were identified. In addition, this treatment affected blastema formation and induced a reduction in the levels of cell proliferation in this structure, as well as a reduction in the number of CD45+ and CD11b + immune system cells. On the other hand, blocking ROS production affected the expression of proximo-distal identity genes such as Aldha1a1, Rarβ, Prod1, Meis1, Hoxa13, and other genes such as Agr2 and Yap1 in early/mid blastema. Of great interest, the failure in blastema formation, skeletal alterations, as well as the expression of the genes evaluated were rescued by the application of exogenous H2O2, suggesting that ROS/H2O2 production is necessary from the early stages for proper regeneration and patterning of the limb.

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Section: Ros/h 2 O 2 An Early Signal Potentially Involved In the Dete...mentioning

confidence: 71%

Post-amputation reactive oxygen species production is necessary for axolotls limb regeneration

Carbonell-M

Cardona

Delgado

2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Once the limb bud is patterned and the skeletal tissues have differentiated, the regulation of the long bone growth plates greatly contributes to the overall size of the adult limb. Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling positively regulates cell proliferation within the growth plates of the long bones 23 . When Ihh signaling is inactivated, through null Ihh or mutations in Ihh transducers or effectors, the resulting mammalian limbs are severely shortened 24, 25, 26 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fgfr2iiicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding genetic architecture of dog complex traits by constructing fine-scale genomic ancestry of admixture

Zhao,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Domestic animals and plants exhibit remarkable phenotypic diversity in terms of morphology, behavior, and physiology, which can be attributed to the complex interbreeding process of various breeds and artificial selection. Here we develop a method that can efficiently construct fine-scale interbreeding history of local segments along the genome. Since ancestral breeds usually exhibit diverse phenotypes, the method provides a valuable approach for unraveling the genetic architecture of complex traits in admixed breeds. Simulated data demonstrates that the method performs well, even in scenarios involving complex interbreeding with up to 19 ancestral breeds. The method is applied to analyze three mixed dog breeds, Irish Wolfhound, Giant Schnauzer, and Miniature Schnauzer, representing instances of body-size enlargement and miniaturization. Numerous novel ancestor breed-specific genes determining body size are identified, including FGFR2, WDR11, and FARS2. We also validate genes reported in previous GWAS or genomic sweep scans, such as LCORL, STC2, NPR2, and FGF4. These findings highlight the validity of the method as a valuable tool for investigating the genetic basis underlying ancestry-specific traits in domestic animals and plants with complex interbreeding histories.

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Regenerative Engineering of a Limb: From Amputation to Regeneration

Abedini,

Hosseini,

Laurencin

2023

Regen. Eng. Transl. Med.

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The Regulation of Growth in Developing, Homeostatic, and Regenerating Tetrapod Limbs: A Minireview

Cited by 4 publications

References 93 publications

Post-amputation reactive oxygen species production is necessary for axolotls limb regeneration

Post-amputation reactive oxygen species production is necessary for axolotls limb regeneration

Decoding genetic architecture of dog complex traits by constructing fine-scale genomic ancestry of admixture

Regenerative Engineering of a Limb: From Amputation to Regeneration

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