The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Thirty-third Adult Heart Transplantation Report—2016; Focus Theme: Primary Diagnostic Indications for Transplant

Yusen, Roger D.; Edwards, Leah B.; Dipchand, Anne I.; Goldfarb, Samuel; Kucheryavaya, Anna Y.; Levvey, B.; Lund, Lars H.; Meiser, Bruno; Rossano, Joseph W.; Stehlik, Josef

doi:10.1016/j.healun.2016.08.017

Cited by 538 publications

(303 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

281

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Dyslipidemia is a frequently observed metabolic abnormality in heart transplant recipients and prevalence is reported to be 60-80% in this population [1]. Hyperlipidemia is a commonly associated clinical condition in patients with atherosclerotic heart disease and is associated with poor outcomes.…”

Section: Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypertension is a commonly seen clinical condition in cardiac transplant recipients with a prevalence of 71% of cardiac transplant recipients having hypertension within a year of transplant and 91% within 5 years of transplant [1]. Although there is high prevalence of hypertension in cardiac transplant recipients, less than 50% of the patients achieve target blood pressure goals.…”

Section: Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite achieving significant strides in short term survival, the challenges of long-term survival remain unresolved. Chronic rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), malignancy and renal insufficiency hinder the long-term survival and are direct contributors to graft dysfunction and graft failure [1][2][3][4][5]. CAV remains one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity following the first year of cardiac transplantation [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), malignancy and renal insufficiency hinder the long-term survival and are direct contributors to graft dysfunction and graft failure [1][2][3][4][5]. CAV remains one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity following the first year of cardiac transplantation [1,2]. The International Society of Heart lung Transplantation registry reported 8% of incidence of CAV at one year following heart transplant and 29% and 48% at 5 and 10 years following the transplant respectively [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CAV remains one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity following the first year of cardiac transplantation [1,2]. The International Society of Heart lung Transplantation registry reported 8% of incidence of CAV at one year following heart transplant and 29% and 48% at 5 and 10 years following the transplant respectively [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy: A Review of Risk Factors and Pathogenesis

Munagala¹,

Phancao²

2018

obm.transplant

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heart transplant remains the gold standard therapy for patients with end stage heart disease and offers improved survival and quality of life. Significant progress has been achieved in improving one-year mortality after heart transplantation. Nonetheless, longterm graft survival has not changed significantly over the past few decades. Long term survival of heart transplant recipients is limited by chronic rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and malignancy. CAV is a major contributor for graft failure and mortality after the first year of in heart transplant recipients. CAV is a proliferative vasculopathy characterized by diffuse myointimal hyperplasia and progressive narrowing of the graft vessels. Both immune dependent and independent factors have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of CAV. Understanding these risk factors is essential in developing preventative and therapeutic strategies. Angiography with Intravascular ultrasound has become the key diagnostic tool in the early detection of CAV as well as prognostication. Echocardiographic assessment of allograft function in conjunction with coronary angiographic findings are used in assessing the severity of CAV. Adjustment of immunosuppression and statins remain the initial steps in the management of CAV. Retransplantation is the definitive treatment for severe CAV, however, the paucity of organs along with increased mortality associated with retransplantation makes it a less desirable option. Remarkable progress has been achieved in the understanding of pathogenesis, risk factors for CAV and plaque morphology. Nevertheless, significant knowledge gaps persist in scientific understanding of risk factors, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of CAV. Further research is warranted to fill these gaps, develop diagnostic modalities to facilitate early detection of CAV, and management strategies to Improve graft tolerance and immune modulation. This review focuses on summarizing the pathogenesis and risk factors for CAV.

show abstract

Section: Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%