The Red Sea

Carvalho, Susana; Kürten, Benjamin; Krokos, George; Hoteit, Ibrahim; Ellis, Joanne I.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100853-9.00004-x

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Influenced by distinct geological, atmospheric, and hydrographic conditions, the Red Sea is a unique LME characterized by the second longest and third largest coral reef system in the world, thriving under one of the warmest and most saline conditions of the world oceans (Edwards and Head 1986). All major oceanographic processes occur in the Red Sea, but at much smaller spatio-temporal scales compared to the global ocean, making it an ideal test basin for studies of climate impact on regional ocean circulations as it is expected to exhibit a faster response to global climate variations (Belkin 2009;Carvalho et al 2018). Despite its political, economic and scientific importance, the Red Sea remains a vastly under-explored region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards an End-to-End Analysis and Prediction System for Weather, Climate, and Marine Applications in the Red Sea

Hoteit

Abualnaja

Afzal

et al. 2021

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite being characterized as an oligotrophic LME, the Red Sea is a region of remarkable biodiversity and endemism and hosts one of the world's largest coral reef ecosystems (Carvalho et al 2018). The Red Sea ecosystem is strongly influenced by environmental conditions, which modulate it on different levels (Triantafyllou et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an End-to-End Analysis and Prediction System for Weather, Climate, and Marine Applications in the Red Sea

Hoteit

Abualnaja

Afzal

et al. 2021

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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“…Anthropogenic pressures on the Red Sea are constantly increasing (Carvalho et al, 2019) and 60 % of Red Sea coral reefs are at stake (Burke et al, 2011). We were able to show cascaded, group-specific responses to N availability and link elemental and isotopic composition to groupspecific nutrient limitations, N uptake and utilization, and highlight the importance of P limitations in hard and soft corals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Nitrogen eutrophication particularly promotes turf algae in coral reefs of the central Red Sea (v0.1)"

2020

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While various sources increasingly release nutrients to the Red Sea, knowledge about their effects on benthic coral reef communities is scarce. Here, we provide the first comparative assessment of the response of all major benthic groups (hard and soft corals, turf algae, and reef sands-together accounting for 80 % of the benthic reef community) to in-situ eutrophication in a central Red Sea coral reef. For eight weeks, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations were experimentally increased 3-fold above environmental background concentrations around natural benthic reef communities using a slow release fertilizer with 15 % total nitrogen (N) content. We investigated which major functional groups took up the available N, and how this changed organic carbon (C org) and N contents using elemental and stable isotope measurements. Findings revealed that hard corals (in their tissue), soft corals, and turf algae incorporated fertilizer N as indicated by significant increases in δ 15 N by 8 %, 27 % and 28 %, respectively. Among the investigated groups, C org content significantly increased in sediments (+24 %) and in turf algae (+33 %). Altogether, this suggests that among the benthic organisms only turf algae were limited by N availability and thus benefited most from N addition. Thereby, based on higher C org content, turf algae potentially gained competitive advantage over e.g. hard corals. Local management should, thus, particularly address DIN eutrophication by coastal development and consider the role of turf algae as potential bioindicator for eutrophication.

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“…Arabia's regional seas present extreme, but divergent, environmental conditions for mangrove growth. The northern Red Sea is characterized by cold winter temperatures and high salinity (Carvalho et al 2019), while the southern Persian/Arabian Gulf is the world's hottest sea each summer and is also hypersaline, with both areas considered arid to hyperarid with limited (<200 mm) rainfall (Vaughan et al 2019). In contrast, the Arabian Sea and Sea of Oman have normal oceanic salinity, and summer temperatures that are buffered by cold-water upwelling as a result of the Indian Ocean monsoon, resulting in more benign environmental conditions (Claereboudt 2019).…”

Section: Adaptive Variability Analysis and Functional Assessment Of Amentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-quality genome assembly and annotation of the gray mangrove, Avicennia marina

Friis

Vizueta

Nelson

et al. 2020

Preprint

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30The gray mangrove [Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh.] is the most widely distributed mangrove 31 species, ranging throughout the Indo-West Pacific. It presents remarkable levels of geographic 32 variation both in phenotypic traits and habitat, often occupying extreme environments at the 33 edges of its distribution. However, subspecific evolutionary relationships and adaptive 34 mechanisms remain understudied, especially across populations of the West Indian Ocean. High-35 quality genomic resources accounting for such variability are sparse. We sequenced and 36 assembled the genome of A. marina from the Arabian Gulf, which is the harshest region that the 37 species occupies and at the northern-most limit of its distribution. We used proximity ligation 38 libraries Chicago and Dovetail HiC, and the HiRise assembly pipeline, producing a 456,556,596 39 bp long genome. The largest 32 scaffolds (22.4 Mb to 10.5 Mb) accounted for 98 % of the 40 genome assembly, with the remaining 2% distributed among much shorter 3,777 scaffolds (62.4 41 Kb to 1 Kb). We annotated 23,331 protein-coding genes using tissue-specific RNA-seq data, 42 from which 13,312 were associated to GO terms. Genome assembly and annotated set of genes 43 yield a 96.7% and 92.3% completeness score, respectively, when compared with the eudicots 44 BUSCO dataset. Furthermore, an FST survey based on resequencing data successfully identified a 45 set of candidate genes potentially involved in local adaptation, and revealed patterns of adaptive 46 variability correlating with a temperature gradient in Arabian mangrove populations. Our A. 47 marina genomic assembly provides a highly valuable resource for genome evolution analysis, as 48 well as for identifying functional genes involved in adaptive processes and speciation. 49 50

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The Red Sea

Cited by 39 publications

References 134 publications

Towards an End-to-End Analysis and Prediction System for Weather, Climate, and Marine Applications in the Red Sea

Towards an End-to-End Analysis and Prediction System for Weather, Climate, and Marine Applications in the Red Sea

Peer Review #1 of "Nitrogen eutrophication particularly promotes turf algae in coral reefs of the central Red Sea (v0.1)"

A high-quality genome assembly and annotation of the gray mangrove, Avicennia marina

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