The “red‐alert” effect in visual search: Evidence from human electrophysiology

Fortier‐Gauthier, Ulysse; Dell’Acqua, Roberto; Jolicœur, Pierre

doi:10.1111/psyp.12050

Cited by 42 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…The suggestion that appears to emerge from these studies is that of a consistent link between inhibition/excitation of neurons in the occipitoparietal cortex (e.g., Prime & Jolicœur, ) and the polarity of ERP components held to reflect the activity of such neurons. More specifically, these findings suggest that target activation enhancement is often reflected in a contralateral increment in negativity accompanied by an increment in positivity, held to reflect suppression, contralateral to distractors when such stimuli are displayed in distinct visual hemifields, with these reflections usually unfolding in a 80–300 ms time range after eliciting stimulus (Fortier‐Gauthier, Dell'Acqua, & Jolicœur, ; Hickey et al., ; Sawaki & Luck, ), giving rise to N1‐N2pc ERLs as those described in the present circumstances. In addition, a contralateral posterior positivity in a window of 130–160 ms, coined Ppc, is also often observed when a salient stimulus is presented in one hemifield accompanied by a luminance‐matched distractor in the other hemifield (e.g., Corriveau et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

N1pc reversal following repeated eccentric visual stimulation

et al. 2013

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Early event-related potential (ERP) hemispheric asymmetries recorded at occipitoparietal sites are usually observed following the sudden onset of a lateral peripheral stimulus. This is usually reflected in an onset-locked larger N1 over the posterior contralateral hemisphere relative to the ipsilateral hemisphere, an early ERP asymmetry labeled N1pc. When the peripheral sudden onset is followed by a central stimulus, or by a bilaterally balanced visual array of stimuli, these events evoke a reversed N1pc, that is, a larger N1 over the hemisphere ipsilateral to the peripheral sudden onset. This N1pc reversal has been taken as evidence for a remapping of the visual space from an absolute, retinally based frame of reference to a relative, attentionally based frame of reference that codes the spatial positions of objects relative to the peripheral sudden onset, rather than relative to the fovea. Here, we pit the reference frame-remapping account against an alternative account based on reduced neural reactivity following the peripheral sudden onset. In three experiments, we varied the spatial location of an object relative to a preceding sudden onset, and tested the opposite predictions generated by the frame-remapping and the reduced neural reactivity accounts. Taken together, the results from the present experiments were consistent with the reduced neural reactivity account and inconsistent with the frame-remapping account.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

N1pc reversal following repeated eccentric visual stimulation

et al. 2013

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“…Fortier‐Gauthier, Dell'Acqua, & Jolicœur () recently found that the color of the object that elicits the lateralized ERP influences whether a contralateral positivity is observed in the waveform. In their paradigm, both the target and distractor were color singletons, and participants responded to the orientation of a line contained within the target color singleton.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, in the target‐distractor variant, both the target and distractor are color singletons. In the typical paradigm, the target is a shape or color singleton and the distractor is a singleton of the other type (see Fortier‐Gauthier et al., , for an exception). Second, in the target‐distractor variant, participants must discriminate the orientation of the color singleton letter T and the distractor is a color singleton letter L (i.e., the target is defined by spatial configuration).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event‐related potentials reveal the effect of prior knowledge on competition for representation and attentional capture

Hilimire

Corballis

2013

Psychophysiology

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Objects compete for representation in our limited capacity visual system. We examined how this competition is influenced by top-down knowledge using event-related potentials. Competition was manipulated by presenting visual search arrays in which the target or distractor was the only color singleton compared to displays in which both singletons were presented. Experiments 1 and 2 manipulated whether the observer knew the color of the target in advance. Experiment 3 ruled out low-level sensory explanations. Results show that, under conditions of competition, the distractor does not elicit an N2pc when the target color is known. However, the N2pc elicited by the target is reduced in the presence of a distractor. These findings suggest that top-down knowledge can prevent the capture of attention by distracting information, but this prior knowledge does not eliminate the competitive influence of the distractor on the target.

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“…In Experiment 1, we tested whether attention is biased to the physical or relative target color when the target and target context colors are fixed. To ensure a generalization of our results and to exclude potential confounds by color‐specific search asymmetries (e.g., Fortier‐Gauthier, Dell'Acqua, & Jolicoeur, ), one group of observers searched for a unique orange target (singleton target) among three yellow context items (relative task set: redder; physical task set: orange), whereas a different group of observers searched for an orange singleton among three red nontargets (relative task set: yellower; physical task set: orange; Figure ). Search displays were preceded randomly by one out of four possible types of cue arrays: (1) In perfectly matching (PERF) cue displays, the colors were identical to those of the search displays.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional guidance by relative features: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence

et al. 2016

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Citation for published item:h¤ onhmmerD tFqF nd qruertD eF nd uerzelD hF nd fekerD FsF @PHITA 9ettentionl guidne y reltive fetures X ehviorl nd eletrophysiologil evideneF9D syhophysiologyFD SQ @UAF ppF IHUREIHVQF Further information on publisher's website: httpsXGGdoiForgGIHFIIIIGpsypFIPTRS Publisher's copyright statement: his is the epted version of the following rtileX h¤ onhmmerD tF qFD qruertD eFD uerzelD hF nd fekerD F sF @PHITAD ettentionl guidne y reltive feturesX fehviorl nd eletrophysiologil evideneF syhophysiologyD SQ@UAX IHUREIHVQD whih hs een pulished in (nl form t httpsXGGdoiForgGIHFIIIIGpsypFIPTRSF his rtile my e used for nonEommeril purposes in ordne ith iley erms nd gonditions for selfErhivingF Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Attentional guidance by relative features 2 Abstract Our ability to select task-relevant information from cluttered visual environments is widely believed to be due to our ability to tune attention to the particular elementary feature values of a sought-after target (e.g., red, orange, yellow). By contrast, recent findings showed that attention is often tuned to feature relationships, viz., features that the target has relative to irrelevant features in the context (e.g., redder, yellower; Becker, 2010). However, the evidence for such a relational account is so far exclusively based on behavioral measures that do not allow a safe inference about early perceptual processes. The present study provides a critical test of the relational account, by measuring an electrophysiological marker in the EEG of participants (N2pc) in response to briefly presented distractors (cues) that could either match the physical features of the target or its relative features. In a first experiment, the target color and non-target color was kept constant across trials. In line with a relational account, we found that only cues with the same relative color as the target were attended, regardless of whether the cues had the same physical color as the target. In a second experiment, we demonstrate that attention is biased to the exact target feature value when the target is embedded in a randomly varying context. Taken together, these results provide the first electrophysiological evidence that attention can modulate early perceptual processes differently; in a contextdependent manner vs. a context-independent manner, resulting in marked differences in the range of colors that can attract attention.Attentional guidance by relative features 3

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The “red‐alert” effect in visual search: Evidence from human electrophysiology

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

N1pc reversal following repeated eccentric visual stimulation

N1pc reversal following repeated eccentric visual stimulation

Event‐related potentials reveal the effect of prior knowledge on competition for representation and attentional capture

Attentional guidance by relative features: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence

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