The record‐breaking heat wave of June 2019 in Central Europe

Wang, Lin; Wang, Lin; Liu, Yuyun; Chen, Wen; Huang, Ping

doi:10.1002/asl.964

Cited by 53 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For example, the majority (i.e., 90.6%) of the analysed cities showed a positive anomaly in 2010 associated with the European heat wave that affected eastern Europe (anomalies >220 hr·year −1 were observed for Kiev, Odessa, and Moscow). Similarly, the European heat waves from 1994 (across Europe, especially over Germany and Poland), 2006 (central Europe and parts of northern Europe), 2018 and 2019 (across Europe) are also emphasized in Figure 6 (Russo et al ., 2015; Xu et al ., 2020). No trend was observed for Copenhagen, Stockholm, Oslo, Helsinki, Tampere, Arkhangelsk (latitude >55.5°N), and Lisbon, while during the study period, there were no hours with heat stress in Dublin and Reykjavik.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 41‐year bioclimatology of thermal stress in Europe

Antonescu

Mărmureanu

Vasilescu

et al. 2021

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The bioclimatology of thermal stress over Europe between 1979 and 2019 was analysed using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) derived from ERA5‐HEAT reanalysis. The bioclimatology of different European regions was assessed using Köppen–Geiger climate classification. The annual number of hours with heat stress (UTCI > 32°C) increased significantly during the study period for all the analysed Köppen–Geiger climate subclasses, showing also a clear increase towards southern Europe. The highest percentage of hours (20% of all hours) with cold stress (UTCI < −13°C) occur over northern Europe. A significant increasing trend (>0.05 hr·year−1) in the number of hours with heat stress was observed for 23 out of 32 analysed European cities representative for the Köppen–Geiger climate subclasses. For these cities not only the number of hours with heat stress has increased but also the heat stress is more persistent, while the number of cases and the persistence of the periods with cold stress have decreased over the last four decades. The UTCI values showed a statistically significant increase between 0.6 and 3.2°C for all the analysed cities over the study period reflecting the rising of global mean temperatures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 41‐year bioclimatology of thermal stress in Europe

Antonescu

Mărmureanu

Vasilescu

et al. 2021

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…Barriopedro et al (2011) mention that the heat wave in 2010 had a larger intensity and spatial extent in Europe than the one in 2003. Xu et al (2020) indicate that June 2019 was the hottest June on record in central Europe both in terms of the monthly mean values and the number of extremely hot days. In urban environment, heat waves are compounded by the urban heat island (UHI) effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Smart wetting of permeable pavements as an evaporative-cooling measure for improving the urban climate during heat waves

Kubilay¹,

Ferrari²,

Derome

et al. 2020

Journal of Building Physics

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An urban microclimate model is used to design a smart wetting protocol for multilayer street pavements in order to maximize the evaporative cooling effect as a mitigation measure for thermal discomfort during heat waves. The microclimate model is built upon a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for solving the turbulent air, heat and moisture flow in the air domain of a street canyon. The CFD model is coupled to a model for heat and moisture transport in porous urban materials and to a radiative exchange model, determining the net solar and thermal radiation on each urban surface. A two-layer pavement system, previously optimized for maximal evaporative cooling applying the principles of capillary pumping and capillary break, is considered to design a smart wetting protocol answering the questions “when,” “how much,” and “how long” a pavement should be artificially wetted. It was found for the current optimized pavement solutions that a daily amount of 6 mm wetting over 10 min in the morning, preferentially between 8:00 and 10:00, guarantees a maximal evaporative cooling for 24 h during a heat wave.

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“…Towards the end of June, this anticyclone merged with a high-pressure system located over northeastern Europe that had previously produced extreme 410 temperatures, and extended towards the northeast as a strong subtropical ridge intensified by a low-pressure system located over the eastern Atlantic. This subtropical ridge injected very warm air and mineral dust from the Sahara region towards western Europe, and this air overheated during its transport while traveling over previously warmed land (Sousa et al, 2019;Xu et al, 2020a). Sousa et al (2019) classified the heatwave of 25-29 June 2019 as a mega-heatwave (Barriopedro et al, 2011) because of its outstanding duration, intensity and spatial extent.…”

Section: Heatwave and Dust Cooling/warming Effect Of The Earth-atmosphere Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although quite recent, the heatwave of 25-29 June 2019, classified as mega-heatwave by some authors, has already been the subject of several studies. Xu et al (2020a; quantified the role of dynamical and thermodynamical processes in triggering this extreme event and 60 investigated how changes of these processes observed over the last decades may have affected the occurrence probability of such extreme events. Ma et al (2020) and Vautard et al (2020) used climate models to quantify the role of human contribution through the anthropogenic climate change.…”

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confidence: 99%

Aerosol radiative impact during the summer 2019 heatwave produced partly by an inter-continental Saharan dust outbreak – Part 2: Long-wave and net dust direct radiative effect

Sicard

Córdoba-Jabonero

López-Cayuela³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. This paper is the companion paper of Córdoba-Jabonero et al. (2021). It deals with the estimation of the longwave (LW) and net dust direct radiative effect (DRE) during the dust episode that occurred between 23 and 30 June, 2019, and coincided with a mega-heatwave. The analysis is performed at two European sites where polarized-Micro-Pulse Lidars ran continuously to retrieve the vertical distribution of the dust optical properties: Barcelona, Spain, 23–30 June, and Leipzig, Germany, 29–30 June. The radiative effect is computed with the GAME radiative transfer model separately for the fine- and coarse-mode dust. The instantaneous and daily radiative effect and radiative efficiency (DREff) are provided for the fine-mode, coarse-mode and total dust at the surface, top of the atmosphere (TOA) and in the atmosphere. The fine-mode daily LW DRE is small (< 6 % of the shortwave (SW) component) which makes the coarse-mode LW DRE the main modulator of the total dust net DRE. The coarse-mode LW DRE starts exceeding (in absolute values) the SW component in the middle of the episode which produces positive coarse-mode net DRE at both the surface and TOA. Such an unusual tendency is attributed to increasing coarse-mode size and surface temperature along the episode. This has the effect of reducing the SW cooling in Barcelona up to the point of reaching total dust net DRE positive (+0.9 W m−2) on one occasion at the surface and quasi-neutral (−0.6 W m−2) at TOA. When adding the LW component, the total dust SW radiative efficiency is reduced by a factor 1.6 at both surface (on average over the episode, the total dust net DREff is −54.1 W m−2 τ−1) and TOA (−37.3 W m−2 τ−1). A sensitivity study performed on the surface temperature and the air temperature in the dust layer, both linked to the heatwave and upon which the LW DRE strongly depends, shows that the heatwave contributed to reduce the dust net cooling effect at the surface and that it had nearly no effect at TOA. Its subsequent effect was thus to reduce the heating of the atmosphere produced by the dust particles.

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The record‐breaking heat wave of June 2019 in Central Europe

Cited by 53 publications

References 30 publications

A 41‐year bioclimatology of thermal stress in Europe

A 41‐year bioclimatology of thermal stress in Europe

Smart wetting of permeable pavements as an evaporative-cooling measure for improving the urban climate during heat waves

Aerosol radiative impact during the summer 2019 heatwave produced partly by an inter-continental Saharan dust outbreak – Part 2: Long-wave and net dust direct radiative effect

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