The Recent Outbreak of COVID-19 in China During the Omicron Variant Predominance: Clinical Features and Outcomes in Patients with Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases

Geng, Yan; Fan, Yong; Deng, Xuerong; Wang, Yu; Zhao, Juan; Ji, Lanlan; Song, Zhibo; Li, Guangtao; Zhang, Xiaohui; Sun, Xiaoying; Xie, Wenhui; Zhang, Zhuoli

doi:10.1007/s40744-023-00569-7

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Consistent with our study, a related Chinese study also demonstrated that booster vaccination can lower the hospitalization rate for RMD patients with COVID‐19 infection. Furthermore, they also found that the risk of COVID‐19 infection in the Chinese population was low within 3 months following immunization, but that the protective effect of the vaccine would be weakened after 3 months 4,14 . Both the Korean College of Rheumatology and the American College of Rheumatology advise immunization for patients with RMDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, another Brazilian investigation revealed that the inactivated vaccine Sinovac‐CoronaVac is safe for Sjogren's syndrome (SS) and has no negative effects on the disease's course 13 . A recent study from Peking University found that inactivated COVID‐19 vaccines reduced the risk of COVID‐19 infection and hospitalization when the last immunization was given less than 3 months prior 14 . Thus, few data are available for inactivated COVID‐19 vaccines and their safety and protective effects are controversial in RMD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy and safety of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia among patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: A real‐world retrospective observational study

Liu,

Jin,

Feng

et al. 2024

Int J of Rheum Dis

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ObjectivesTo identify the effectiveness and safety of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) patients.MethodsRMD patients with COVID‐19 in Jiangsu Province were polled between December 8, 2022, and February 1, 2023. Information on demographics, disease characteristics, antirheumatic drug use, vaccination status and survival state were collected. COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia was the primary outcome. The effect of COVID‐19 immunization on RMD patients was assessed using multivariate logistic regression, and the adverse events (AEs) following vaccination were evaluated.ResultsAmong 592 RMD patients with COVID‐19, 276 (46.6%) individuals experienced COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia, and 290 (49.0%) patients were injected with inactivated vaccines. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, vaccines reduced the incidence of COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia, and receiving booster vaccine was an independent protective factor for COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia in RMD patients (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41–0.98, p = .034). In particular, inactivated vaccines have a protective impact on RMD patients with a high risk of developing pneumonia, including those aged 45 years and older (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.34–0.83), and who have lung involvement (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23–0.82). The total AEs rate of vaccines was 13.9% (40/290), only 11 (3.8%) experienced the recurrence or deterioration of RMDs, and no serious AEs occurred.ConclusionInactivated COVID‐19 vaccines were safe and effective in reducing the risk of COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia of RMD patients in China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia among patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: A real‐world retrospective observational study

Liu,

Jin,

Feng

et al. 2024

Int J of Rheum Dis

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“…Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection can be serious and have profoundly affected human health 1,2 . Numerous COVID‐19 vaccines, including mRNA vaccines, adenovirus vector vaccines, protein subunit vaccines and inactivated virus vaccines, have been confirmed to be effective in reducing SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and severe cases 2,3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concern regarding whether booster shots may induce pronounced immune responses or immune dysregulation in autoimmune diseases is shared by both clinicians and patients. Additionally, considering that up to 90% of RA patients have received full dosages of COVID‐19 vaccines at the year of 2022, with a low proportion (about 30%) having received a booster dose, 2 we have to choose to focus on the impact of booster immunization. Till now, little is known about the COVID‐19 booster vaccination on immune system in RA patients, and this has been a major concern in clinical practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Numerous COVID-19 vaccines, including mRNA vaccines, adenovirus vector vaccines, protein subunit vaccines and inactivated virus vaccines, have been confirmed to be effective in reducing SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe cases. 2,3 Although World Health Organization have declared ending the COVID-19's emergency phase, the risk of new variants remains, and waning vaccine effectiveness has been observed. Booster vaccines have been widely proved to be effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron, and have been strongly recommended to the vulnerable population (like older adults, or immunocompromising individuals).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immune features revealed by single‐cell RNA and single‐cell TCR/BCR sequencing in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving COVID‐19 booster vaccination

Fan,

Huang,

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by SARS‐CoV‐2, have profoundly affected human health. Booster COVID‐19 vaccines have demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing infection and severe cases. However, the effects of booster COVID‐19 vaccines on key immune cell subsets and their responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are not well understood. By using single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) combined with scTCR/BCR‐seq analysis, a total of 8 major and 27 minor cell clusters were identified from paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) which were collected 1 week before and 4 weeks after booster vaccination in stable RA patients. Booster vaccination only had limited impact on the composition and proportions of PBMCs cell clusters. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CD8+T_CTL) showed a trend toward an increase after vaccination, while naive B cells and conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) showed a trend toward a decrease. Transcriptomic changes were observed after booster vaccination, primarily involving T/B cell receptor signaling pathways, phagosome, antigen processing and presenting, and viral myocarditis pathways. Interferon (IFN) and pro‐inflammatory response gene sets were slightly upregulated across most major cell subpopulations in COVID‐19 booster‐vaccinated RA individuals. Plasma neutralizing antibody titers significantly increased after booster COVID‐19 vaccination (p = 0.037). Single‐cell TCR/BCR analysis revealed increased B cell clone expansion and repertoire diversity postvaccination, with no consistent alterations in T cells. Several clonotypes of BCRs and TCRs were identified to be significantly over‐represented after vaccination, such as IGHV3‐15 and TRBV28. Our study provided a comprehensive single‐cell atlas of the peripheral immune response and TCR/BCR immune repertoire profiles to inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 booster vaccination in RA patients, which helps us to understand vaccine‐induced immune responses better.

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Investigation of COVID‐19 infection in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica during the predominance of the omicron variant

Ma,

Xiao,

et al. 2024

Rheumatology & Autoimmunity

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BackgroundPolymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory disease that affects the older adult population. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk and prognosis associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection among patients diagnosed with PMR during the predominance of the Omicron variant.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we included a cohort of patients with PMR who met the 2012 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria or the 1982 PMR diagnostic criteria and tracked their progress over time. The diagnosis of COVID‐19 was based on the clinical manifestations and laboratory tests. We collected demographic information, PMR disease activity, treatment data, and clinical data related to COVID‐19.ResultsIn total, 101 patients diagnosed with PMR were enrolled. Most patients with PMR exhibited low disease activity. Of the total cohort, 81 patients (80.2%) were categorized as individuals diagnosed with COVID‐19, while the remaining 20 (19.8%) were not diagnosed with COVID‐19. Among the patients with PMR diagnosed with COVID‐19, 65 (80.2%) exhibited the presence of the COVID‐19 antigen, while 16 (19.8%) tested positive for COVID‐19 RNA. Most COVID‐19 patients with PMR were classified as having mild disease (72, 88.9%). Two cases were identified within the confirmed infected group, resulting in a recurrence rate of 2.5% (2/81). Conversely, no relapses were observed in the non‐infected group (0/20). In our multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that pre‐COVID‐19 PMR disease activity was an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 infection (odds ratio = 30.00, 95% confidence interval: 2.137–421.117, p = 0.012).ConclusionsThe increased susceptibility to COVID‐19 may be influenced by the pre‐existing disease activity of PMR.

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The Recent Outbreak of COVID-19 in China During the Omicron Variant Predominance: Clinical Features and Outcomes in Patients with Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Efficacy and safety of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia among patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: A real‐world retrospective observational study

Efficacy and safety of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia among patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: A real‐world retrospective observational study

Immune features revealed by single‐cell RNA and single‐cell TCR/BCR sequencing in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving COVID‐19 booster vaccination

Investigation of COVID‐19 infection in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica during the predominance of the omicron variant

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