The recent Nipah virus outbreak in Bangladesh could be a threat for global public health: A brief report

Abstract

The Nipah virus is a zoonotic infection that can potentially be transmitted from person to person as well as through ingesting contaminated food. It has a high fatality rate, and no treatment or cure at present. Several nations in South Asia have reported Nipah virus outbreaks occurred during a particular season of the year.Since it was first found in Bangladesh in 2001, there have been a total of 335 people infected with it, and 237 of those people have passed away as a result of their infection. With increased public awareness, community engagement, and preventative measures, this potentially fatal virus has been suppressed. Yet, following a pandemic and a considerable increase in the health burden, the transmission rate continuously increased over a few years, indicating that there is a growing possibility to become a global public health concern. Without effective vaccines and reliable treatment options, its capacity for human-to-human transmission and potential to spread throughout the area could result in a disastrous public health emergency worldwide.

Pangenomic and immunoinformatics based analysis of Nipah virus revealed CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cell epitopes as potential vaccine candidates

“…Currently, the WHO has identified a number of cases of NiV, but yet there is no vaccination. Till now, 721 cases of NiV with 419 deaths were reported in India, Bangladesh, Malaysia and Singapore ( Chattu et al, 2018 ; WHO, 2023a ; Nazmunnahar et al, 2023 ). Recently, a 6th outbreak of NiV occurred in India since 2001.…”

Nipah: The looming post-covid pandemic

“…These estimates do not include the recent NiV outbreak with human fatalities in Kerala, India, and Bangladesh. Taken together, these epidemiological data have led to concerted pleas for immediate national (e.g., CDC) and international (i.e., World Health Organization) action [ 4 - 5 ]. The specter of a novel NiD pandemic, arising concurrently with CoViD-19, and potentially compounding the severity and lethality of other current threats to global public health (i.e., SARS-Cov2, SARS-CoV3, Zika virus, Monkeypox Virus) is unquestionable [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

The pathogenicity and potential risk evaluation of Zika virus to cause mysterious “Disease X”: A brief report

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) chose the name as a stand‐in for “priority diseases” on its shortlist in February 2018. Disease X is the knowledge that a pathogen that is not yet recognized to cause human disease could be the source of a significant global epidemic 2–4 . According to public health experts, globalization the increasing connectivity of nations and their economies worldwide—is to blame for this elevated risk.…”

“…Disease X is the knowledge that a pathogen that is not yet recognized to cause human disease could be the source of a significant global epidemic. 2 , 3 , 4 According to public health experts, globalization the increasing connectivity of nations and their economies worldwide—is to blame for this elevated risk. The next pandemic is inevitable due to several factors, including our globalized society's increased reliance on factory farming, expanding urbanization, frequent travel, and climate change.…”