The reassessment of Taraxacum pieninicum reveals polyploidy, agamospermy and a substantial range extension

Kirschner, Jan; Štěpánek, Jan; Kamińska, M.; Trávníček, Pavel; Trejgell, Alina; Vončina, Grzegorz

doi:10.23855/preslia.2021.341

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Because the genetic distances between the accessions can be estimated from independent SSR data (Kirschner et al, 2016; Wilschut et al, 2016), we explored how well methylation profiles in different sequence contexts and genome features correlate with genetic distance. Based on all cytosines, the strongest correlations were observed in CG context for methylation in repeats and in unannotated regions and to a lesser extent with genes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We selected 20 accessions with confirmed alatum identity, which were collected in Germany, Finland, Austria and Czech Republic (Kirschner et al, 2016) (Table S1, Figure S1). The accessions showed modest levels of genetic divergence based on genetic characterization at eight SSR loci (Table S1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A hierarchical cluster analysis was realized with hclust function from ‘stats’ R‐Package Team (2020) based on the pairwise distance matrix for cytosine methylation in CG context and based on eight microsatellite loci (SSR; Kirschner et al, 2016; Wilschut et al, 2016) using Nei distance with the UPGMA linkage method. Mantel test analyses were performed to determine correlations between SSR‐based and methylation‐based distance matrices.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apomictic plant lineages, which produce clonal seeds while avoiding the complicating effects of segregation and recombination, evolve via mutation accumulation and are a convenient system for characterizing DNA methylation divergence over a microevolutionary time scale in a genetically uniform background. In the common dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale F. H.Wigg; Asteraceae family), many different triploid apomictic lineages exist, some of which show a geographically widespread distribution in Europe (Kirschner et al, 2016), likely following post‐glacial expansion (Kirschner & Štěpánek, 1994). In a previous study, accessions from one such triploid apomictic dandelion lineage, alatum , were collected from various countries in central and north Europe and characterized using microsatellites, (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SSRs from Simple Sequence Repeats). This revealed that the accessions are of uniclonal origin and that some individuals show allelic mutations at one or few SSR loci (Kirschner et al, 2016; Wilschut et al, 2016). Here, we make use of the characterized distribution and genetic diversity of the alatum lineage to investigate how genealogical and environmental signals are expressed in plant methylomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental and genealogical effects on DNA methylation in a widespread apomictic dandelion lineage

Ibañez

Antro

Peña-Ponton

et al. 2023

J of Evolutionary Biology

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DNA methylation in plant genomes occurs in different sequences and genomic contexts that have very different properties. DNA methylation that occurs in CG (mCG) sequence context shows transgenerational stability and high epimutation rate, and can thus provide genealogical information at short time scales. However, due to metastability and because mCG variants may arise due to other factors than epimutation, such as environmental stress exposure, it is not clear how well mCG captures genealogical information at micro-evolutionary time scales. Here, we analysed DNA methylation variation between accessions from a geographically widespread, apomictic common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) lineage when grown experimentally under different light conditions. Using a reduced-representation bisulphite sequencing approach, we show that the light treatment induced differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) in all sequence contexts, with a bias towards transposable elements.Accession differences were associated mainly with DMCs in CG context. Hierarchical clustering of samples based on total mCG profiles revealed a perfect clustering of samples by accession identity, irrespective of light conditions. Using microsatellite information as a benchmark of genetic divergence within the clonal lineage, we show that genetic divergence between accessions correlates strongly with overall mCG profiles. However, our results suggest that environmental effects that do occur in CG context may produce a heritable signal that partly dilutes the genealogical signal. Our study shows that methylation information in plants can be used to reconstruct microevolutionary genealogy, providing a useful tool in systems that lack genetic variation such as clonal and vegetatively propagated plants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Environmental and genealogical effects on DNA methylation in a widespread apomictic dandelion lineage

Ibañez

Antro

Peña-Ponton

et al. 2023

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Effects of species diversity on trait expression of the clonal herb Taraxacum officinale and its relation to genotype diversity and phenotypic plasticity

De Giorgi,

Roscher,

Durka

2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Plant species respond to varying plant species diversity and associated changes in their abiotic and biotic environment with changes in their phenotype. However, it is not clear to what degree this phenotypic differentiation is due to genotype diversity within populations or phenotypic plasticity of plant individuals. We studied individuals of 16 populations of the clonal herb Taraxacum officinale grown in plant communities of different species richness in a 17‐year‐old grassland biodiversity experiment (Jena Experiment). We collected 12 individuals in each population to measure phenotypic traits and identify distinct genotypes using microsatellite DNA markers. Plant species richness did not influence population‐level genotype and trait diversity. However, it affected the expression of several phenotypic traits, e.g. leaf and inflorescence number, maximum leaf length and seed mass, which increased with increasing plant species richness. Moreover, population‐level trait diversity correlated positively with genotype richness for leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and negatively with inflorescence number. For several traits (i.e. seed mass, germination rate, LDMC, specific leaf area (SLA)), a larger portion of variance was explained by genotype identity, while variance in other traits (i.e. number of inflorescences, leaf nitrogen concentration, leaf number, leaf length) resided within genotypes and thus was mostly due to phenotypic plasticity. Overall, our findings show that plant species richness positively affected the population means of some traits related to whole‐plant performance, whose variation was achieved through both phenotypic plasticity and genotype composition of a population.

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Cytogeography ofGagea bohemica(Liliaceae) outside the Mediterranean: two ploidy levels, spatial differentiation of cytotypes, and occurrence of mixed-ploidy populations

Horák

Trávníček

Király

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Gagea bohemica s. lat. is morphologically and karyologically highly variable group with many morphologically similar "narrow" taxa currently considered as a single variable species. It is predominantly distributed in Mediterranean and warmer parts of temperate belt of Europe. The large-scale data on its cytogeography and population cytotype structure which could provide a basis for taxonomy is lacking, only scattered data on ploidy have been published from various parts of its range. In this study, we sampled 106 populations in broader Central Europe, the northeastern Balkan Peninsula and the northwestern Black Sea coast in order to analyse their ploidy level, genome size and pollen stainability. Two cytotypes, i.e., tetraploid (2n = 48) and pentaploid (2n = 60), were found in the study area using chromosome counting and flow cytometry, both in pure and mixed-ploidy populations. Pure pentaploid populations are mainly distributed in Austria, Czechia, northwestern Hungary and Slovakia while tetraploid cytotype in pure and mixed-ploidy populations forming two lineages which are concentrated into two disjunct geographical areas: western in Germany and Switzerland, and eastern in Bulgaria, southeastern Hungary, northern Greece, Romania, Serbia and Ukraine. The two lineages differ in their genome size regardless of their ploidy, indicating their independent origin. Analysis of pollen stainability using a modified Alexander stain revealed an unusual pattern with tetraploids having a lower pollen stainability (mean 44.29 %) than pentaploids (mean 70.70 %) but the western and eastern populations differed again from each other.

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The reassessment of Taraxacum pieninicum reveals polyploidy, agamospermy and a substantial range extension

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Environmental and genealogical effects on DNA methylation in a widespread apomictic dandelion lineage

Environmental and genealogical effects on DNA methylation in a widespread apomictic dandelion lineage

Effects of species diversity on trait expression of the clonal herb Taraxacum officinale and its relation to genotype diversity and phenotypic plasticity

Cytogeography ofGagea bohemica(Liliaceae) outside the Mediterranean: two ploidy levels, spatial differentiation of cytotypes, and occurrence of mixed-ploidy populations

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