The Reaction of Hydrogen Cyanide with Sulfuric and Phosphoric Acids

Cobb, Alan W.; Walton, James H.

doi:10.1021/j150381a002

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A nonvolatile organic acid of low concentration is usually recommended and used in the recovery of lICN from biological materials by the distillation method. Krieble and Peiker (5) found that hydrolysis of the HON will occur, and Cobb and Walton (4) - that neither of these concentrations of H 2 S0 4 (0.0176 per cent, 0.0036 N, and 0.0088 per cent, 0.0018 N, respectively) furnished the solutions with as many free H-ions as were available in the 2 per cent (0.2666 N) tartaric acid solution. Table 4 (p 479) shows that the same average recovery of HCN was obtained with H 2 S0 4 as with tartaric acid when the distillations were made in the absence of leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the recovery of hydrocyanic acid from fumigated citrus tissues

Bartholomew¹,

Sinclair²,

Janes³

1939

Hilg

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A modified Liebig silver-nitrate-volumetric method was employed for the determination of HeN, the end points of titration being determined by the use of a photoelectric turbidimeter. The operations were conducted according to the recommendations made by Bartholomew and Raby (2,3). Preliminary experiments, however, demonstrated that a new method of recovery of HCN must be developed or an old one be adapted to the material to be investigated.Considerable difficulty was experienced in weighing accurately such small amounts of liquid HCN as were being used. The first method was Ii POl' example, at 23 0 0 and 750-mm pressure and with a difference of 31 mg between the first and second weighings, the ampoule (5-ml capacity) would contain an excess of 19 per cent of HON if all the air (5.9 mg) were displaced. Liquid HON has a low boiling point-26°-and an exceedingly high vapor pressure at ordinary laboratory tempcratures-c-Bfid.d mm at 22 0 (9).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the recovery of hydrocyanic acid from fumigated citrus tissues

Bartholomew¹,

Sinclair²,

Janes³

1939

Hilg

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“…Cobb and Walton have previously isolated a white solid as a product of HCN and 100% sulfuric acid, which slowly decomposed at 0 °C producing CO 2 and SO 2 . In the present study, headspace samples of HCN and sulfuric acid reaction mixtures were analyzed by GC−MS for gaseous products, and CO, CO 2 , and SO 2 were detected, as shown in Table .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…While Cobb and Walton isolated the adduct of HCN and 100% sulfuric acid, no structural analysis was performed on this unstable product . More recently, Hall and Leeding have suggested two possibly interconvertible structures (complexes 1 and 1 ‘; Scheme ) for this product, and either of them, in principle, could decompose to give some or all of the products observed in the reaction between HCN and 100% sulfuric acid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Hazards Screening Study of the Reactions between Hydrogen Cyanide and Sulfuric Acid and Investigations of Their Chemistry

Banavali¹,

Chang²,

Fitzwater³

et al. 2001

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Herein, we present a semiquantitative thermal study of the chemical reactions when hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) are mixed with each other. In this study, we have covered a range of sulfuric acid concentrations (59−99 wt %) and HCN/H2SO4 mole ratios (0.25−15) and identified “hazardous zones” in these regions. Highly energetic reactions have been observed between hydrogen cyanide and sulfuric acid, with a 0.5−1 HCN/H2SO4 mole ratio in conjunction with 99 and 78.4 wt % H2SO4 being the worst-case scenarios. The test results have been fitted with a statistical model to generate contour plots that provide an overall perspective on the reaction severity. We have also investigated these reactions further by analyzing the reaction products and by using quantum mechanical calculations, the latter to determine the reaction pathways of least resistance. At least two sets of reactions have been noted between HCN and sulfuric acid, and the amount of water present in the system appears to wield marked influence on reaction pathways as well as their energies. Phosphoric acid, on the other hand, is far less reactive with HCN, and their mixtures appear to be stable over a broad temperature range. In light of the safety implications associated with HCN and sulfuric acid reactions, recommendations have been made to help raise awareness of, and to avoid, the potential dangers involved.

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“…During phosphorous oxychloride reaction ammonia could be obtained semi-durable flammable finishes closely resembling those made from urea and H 3 PO 4 . [45] Weather-Resistant Flame Retardants For many materials, weatherproof and flameproof finishes are extensively used. Water-soluble flameproof finishes are not weatherproof because it is readily removed from rain and humid atmospheres.…”

Section: B) Cyanamide-phosphoric Acid Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally Friendly Inorganic Materials for Anti-flammable Cotton Fabrics

Soliman

Hassabo

2021

J.Text.color. pol. sci.

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Journal of Textiles, Coloration and Polymer Sciencehttps://jtcps.journals.ekb.eg/ 9 T HIS SUBJECT describes three main topics: (i) cellulosic materials' physical and chemical structure; (ii) cellulosic cure finishing and flame retardancy; and (iii) cellulosic and its composite cure of flame delay and fire. The first topic details various sources of cellulose and their chemical and physical structure. The second subject includes the application of flame retardant textile materials and describes the difference in the definition of retardant/resistant terms, and explains in more detail the theory of combustion or burning, and fire and flame retardant mechanism. Different phosphorous flame retardant synergistic were also mentioned, including the types and classifications of flame retardant finishes based on durability and nature. At the end of this section, various textile inflammability tests are described. The last part of the chapter shows the preparation by layer by layer of branched polyethyleneimine of A flame retardant surface Kaolin, urea and Phosphate (DAP) (BPEI).

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The Reaction of Hydrogen Cyanide with Sulfuric and Phosphoric Acids

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Factors affecting the recovery of hydrocyanic acid from fumigated citrus tissues

Factors affecting the recovery of hydrocyanic acid from fumigated citrus tissues

Thermal Hazards Screening Study of the Reactions between Hydrogen Cyanide and Sulfuric Acid and Investigations of Their Chemistry

Environmentally Friendly Inorganic Materials for Anti-flammable Cotton Fabrics

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