The reaction of a fire plume to a droplet spray

Analyzing the impact of in-rack sprinklers in a warehouse fire: A demonstration of the role optimization has in mitigating damage

“…It is based to some extent on work by Tewarson [29] and Magee and Reitz [30] where a minimum rate of water application necessary to extinguish a fire on different types of plastic material was correlated. A similar idea was also used in work by Grant et al [31] and Schwille and Lupetow [32]. Yu et al [17] used such correlations to obtain minimum delivered water fluxes required for suppression of Group A plastic commodity (17 20 g/m s 2 − ).…”

Numerical modelling of the interaction between water sprays and hot air jets - Part II: Two-phase flow simulations

“…These measurements are referred 25 to as Actual Delivered Density (ADD) measurements and provide an estimate of the water flux that is actually penetrating the fire plume. In order to provide a more detailed characterization of the spray-plume interaction, Schwille et al [7] carried out experiments in which 5, 15 and 50 kW methane fires were exposed to a spray positioned at 1.5 m above and delivering flow rates that ranged from 6 to 30 106 L/min. More specifically, the extent of the interaction region has been associated with significant temperature fluctuations which are correlated with high levels of fluctuations in the infrared (IR) intensity.…”

Experimental Investigation of an Office Fire with a Partially Impaired Sprinkler System

“…Recent literatures focus on mutual influence of fire scene characteristics and sprinkler actuation [3], and spatial characteristics (an atrium or a high-ceiling space) and sprinkler actuation [4,5]. Regarding the effect of fire location on the actuation of sprinklers, Wade et al [6] conducted a set of 22 fire/sprinkler experiments to investigate the sprinkler response times and to predictive capability of the BRANZFIRE fire model.…”