The Reaction of 1,2:3,4‐Diepoxy‐2,3‐dimethylbutane with Nucleophiles

Farkas, F.; Wellauer, Thomas; Esser, Thomas; Séquin, Urs

doi:10.1002/hlca.19910740715

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…Bis(oxirane) 6b , on the contrary, smoothly reacted with sodium azide, producing oxirane 14 as a sole product and no products of independent ring opening similar to compounds 12 or 13 were observed ( Scheme 4 ). Thus, in the reaction of 6b with nucleophile, a fairly rare reaction pathway, described for bis(oxiranes) containing neighboring oxirane moieties [ 29 , 30 ], was observed. In this case, anion I , formed after the opening of first oxirane ring, underwent intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the oxygen atom to form a new oxirane moiety.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bis(oxiranes) Containing Cyclooctane Core: Synthesis and Reactivity towards NaN3

et al. 2022

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Reactions of oxirane ring opening provide a powerful tool for regio- and stereoselective synthesis of polyfunctional and heterocyclic compounds, widely used in organic chemistry and drug design. Cyclooctane, alongside other medium-sized rings, is of interest as a novel molecular platform for the construction of target-oriented leads. Additionally, cyclooctane derivatives are well known to be prone to transannular reactions, which makes them a promising object in the search for novel approaches to polycyclic structures. In the present work, a series of cyclooctanediones was studied in Corey-Chaykovsky reactions, and novel spirocyclic bis(oxiranes) containing cyclooctane core, namely, 1,5-dioxadispiro[2.0.2.6]dodecane and 1,8-dioxadispiro[2.3.2.3]dodecane, were synthesized. Ring opening of the obtained bis(oxiranes) upon treatment with sodium azide was investigated, and it was found that the reaction path is determined by the reciprocal orientation of oxygen atoms in the oxirane moieties. Diastereomers of the bis(oxiranes) with cis-orientation underwent independent ring opening, supplying corresponding diazidodiols, while in the case of stereoisomers with trans-orientation, domino-like reactions occurred, including intramolecular nucleophilic attack and the formation of a novel three- or six-membered O-containing ring. Summarily, a straightforward approach to polyfunctional compounds containing cyclooctane or oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane cores, employing bis(oxiranes), was elaborated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bis(oxiranes) Containing Cyclooctane Core: Synthesis and Reactivity towards NaN3

et al. 2022

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Epoxide Migration (Payne Rearrangement) and Related Reactions

Hanson

2002

Organic Reactions

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Under a variety of basic conditions, 2,3‐epoxy alcohols rearrange with inversion at C‐2. The reaction, originally referred to in the literature as the β‐oxanol rearrangement, is now exclusively referred to as epoxide migration or Payne rearrangement. Epoxide migration is reversible, often leading to a mixture of epoxy alcohol isomers. Furthermore, in the presence of hydroxide or other nucleophiles, in situ opening of the equilibrating species may be observed. When such opening is desired, epoxide migration becomes a powerful method for the introduction of functionality into a substrate containing a 2,3‐epoxy alcohol moiety. However, when opening is not desired, epoxide migration can become a significant problem. The epoxide migration process lends itself to other synthetically useful manipulations. For example, the anionic equilibrating species may also be trapped with electrophiles such as alkyl and silyl halides, alkyl sulfonates, and epoxides. Electrophilic trapping may be inter‐ or intramolecular, and has been used as a means of delivering functionality to either C‐2 or C‐3 selectively. The intent of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive review of epoxide migration, including factors influencing the equilibrium position, conditions leading to in situ epoxide opening, and examples of electrophilic trapping. The reaction is discussed in relation to its utility as a synthetic method as well as its prevention as an unwanted side reaction. Related rearrangements in which either the epoxide or hydroxy oxygen has been replaced with nitrogen or sulfur have also been studied. These reactions, referred to in the literature as aza‐Payne and thia‐Payne rearrangements, respectively, are comprehensively included in this chapter as well. For the purposes of this discussion, the term “forward” aza‐Payne rearrangement refers to the direction of reaction leading from oxirane to aziridine. Similarly, “forward” thia‐Payne rearrangement refers to the direction of reaction leading from oxirane to thiirane. In the case of aza‐Payne rearrangements, both forward and reverse reactions have been effected, and in this chapter the term “reverse” aza‐Payne rearrangement refers to reactions leading from aziridine to oxirane. Epoxides have long been considered important in the chemistry of carbohydrates, and epoxide migration in the context of carbohydrate chemistry has been discussed in several reviews. In addition, particularly since discovery of the catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of allylic alcohols and the rise in importance of enantiomerically enriched acyclic epoxy alcohols, epoxide migration with in situ opening in acyclic systems has been much studied. The tabular survey summarizes the literature of epoxide migration and related reactions, including equilibration, in situ opening and trapping, aza‐Payne rearrangements, and thia‐Payne rearrangements, from 1931 to 1999. Reports referring to reactions involving addition at C‐1 or C‐3 without inversion of stereochemistry at C‐2 as “Payne rearrangements” are not covered in this review.

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