The Re-Emergence of an Old Disease: Chikungunya Fever

Bordi, Licia; Meschi, Silvia; Marina, Selleri; Lalle, Eleonora; Castilletti, Concetta; Carletti, Fabrizio; Antonino, Di Caro; Rosaria, Capobianchi Maria

doi:10.5772/27046

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…34 The mosquito's eggs are very resistant and can remain viable throughout the dry season, giving rise to larvae and adults in the following rainy season. 35 A. albopictus has a remarkable capacity to adapt to human beings and urbanization, and hence it has superseded A. aegypti as the vector in many places. 36 The transmission cycle of CHIKV differs in Asia and Africa.…”

Section: Structure and Genome Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment is purely symptomatic and includes bed rest during the febrile period, an extra fluid diet, and antipyretics and analgesics like naproxen or paracetamol. 35,65 Salicylates and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs should be avoided because they may cause bleeding manifestations, nausea, vomiting, and gastritis. 75,101 Post illness arthritis may need prolonged treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs and graduated physiotherapy.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current research and clinical trials for a vaccine against Chikungunya virus

Singh¹,

Chhabra²,

Mittal³

et al. 2013

VDT

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Chikungunya infection is a self-limiting Aedes mosquito-borne arboviral disease with variable clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic illness to a very severe and crippling arthralgia. Until recently, Chikungunya was a little known disease that re-emerged in 2005-2006, leading to major outbreaks on the Indian Ocean Islands and in South East Asia, and eventually extending its range to temperate regions. It drew global attention due to its explosive onset, extensive geographic distribution, and high morbidity. Since re-emergence, an estimated one million symptomatic cases with 0.1% fatality per year have been reported globally. A lack of herd immunity, vector control, and globalization and trade are clearly a problem in the spread of this disease. The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has also acquired biologically important mutations during its evolution, increasing its geographic reach. This disease has resulted in a loss of productivity in affected communities. The absence of a vaccine or an effective antiviral therapy makes dealing with this disease challenging for those involved in public health. There is an emergent need for an effective vaccine against CHIKV infection. The candidates that have been tested include attenuated living, nonliving and genetically engineered vaccines. Several of these vaccine candidates are in preclinical and clinical trials. This review outlines the current knowledge about chikungunya infection and vaccine development.

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Section: Structure and Genome Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%