The ratio of immunocompetent cells, immunoglobulins and cytokines in individuals with a comorbid background after COVID-19 in the Arctic region

Abstract

Resume. The level of resistance of the human body living in the North to the effects of various damaging factors is significantly lower due to the slowdown in the maturation of immunity in children and a decrease in the reserve capabilities of immune reactions in adults, which is especially important in the context of a new coronavirus infection. In the North, "marginal pathology" is widespread - diseases of the bronchopulmonary system. Currently, there is no information about the state of immune homeostasis after COVID-19 in residents of the Arctic region with a history of comorbid background. Aim. To identify the ratio of immunocompetent cells, immunoglobulins and cytokines after COVID-19 in individuals with a comorbid background. Materials and methods. 45 people, aged 18-40, were examined, including 25 women and 20 men, residents of Arkhangelsk, who suffered from COVID-19 of mild and/or moderate severity, confirmed by laboratory (U 07.1). All the examined Northerners had a history of concomitant chronic disease of marginal pathology (chronic bronchitis). Results. The frequency of occurrence of elevated values of cellular immunological parameters CD8+ and CD95+, as well as immunoglobulins IgM, IgG, IgE in young women after COVID-19 with a history of chronic bronchitis is associated with elevated values of cytokine IL-1β in 17-45% of cases, depending on the indicator (p0.01) and only in 10% of cases It is interrelated with an increased content of IL-10 and TNF-α. Conclusions. In young men after COVID-19 with a history of chronic bronchitis, high concentrations of CD8+ and CD95+ cells are associated with increased levels of IdA (5%), IgM, IgG, IgE (13-25%) and are associated in 17% of cases with high levels of IL-10 and TNF-α (15%). Young Northerners with a history of chronic bronchitis after Covid-19 of mild and/or moderate severity have a high concentration of CD8+ and CD95+ cells, IgM, IgG, IgE, IL-10 and TNF-α against a background of low concentrations of CD10+ and IL-4 cells, regardless of gender.