The ratio in emissions from gasoline-powered cars: High NO2 percentage in idle engine measurements

Lenner, Magnus; Lindqvist, Oliver; Rosén, Åke

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(83)90292-5

Cited by 33 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These figures clearly demonstrate how NO 2 /NO x ratios vary throughout the two selected seasons and from site to site. Throughout the year, NO 2 /NO x values measured at the different districts consistently exceed corresponding NO 2 /NO x ratios for motor vehicle emissions: these emission ratios are typically in the range 0.05 -0.1, although somewhat higher emission ratios up to 0.3 are possible from warm idling car engines in cold weather conditions (16) . By comparison, measured NO 2 /NO x ratios at Suzhou's districts average as it follows: Pinjiang: 0.87 in summer and 0.95 in winter; Huqiu: 0.86 in summer and 0.96 in winter; Wuzhong: 0.85 in summer and 0.91 in winter; Jingchang: 0.85 in summer and 0.82 in winter; Canglang: 0.89 in summer and 0.85 in winter; New districts: 0.83 in summer and 0.80 in winter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Representativeness of Urban Highest Polluted Zones for Sitting Traffic-Oriented Air Monitoring Stations in a Chinese City

Costabile

Desantis

Weimin³

et al. 2006

JSME international journal. Ser. B, Fluids and thermal engineer

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Passive sampling technique was used to preliminary assess the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollution in Suzhou (P.R. China) in 2003, with the aim to determine the representativeness of zones where to monitor air quality. 100 sites were selected to measure 15-days average concentrations of SO 2 , NO x , NO 2 , O 3 , NH 3 , Benzene, Toluene and Xylene in winter and summer. The distribution trend of NO and NO 2 , as well as the ratio of NO 2 /NO x was used to identify the heavy traffic polluted zones and design a network of monitoring stations (macrositing). NO 2 /NO x ratios varied throughout the two selected seasons and from site to site clearly demonstrating the different extent and completeness of NO → NO 2 oxidation processes in time and space. The exceedance frequencies of pollutants was used to design the type of monitoring equipment to be installed at each station (micrositing). An air quality monitoring network composed by 9 monitoring stations has been finally established in 2004 according to the result of this survey and is now currently running.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Representativeness of Urban Highest Polluted Zones for Sitting Traffic-Oriented Air Monitoring Stations in a Chinese City

Costabile

Desantis

Weimin³

et al. 2006

JSME international journal. Ser. B, Fluids and thermal engineer

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“…It is therefore suggested that the N02 fraction of NO* in car exhaust may be higher in the driving conditions found in Oslo during the winter than what is recorded in the standard cycles for car exhaust emissions testing. The results of a recent Swedish investigation of the N02/N0* ratio in emissions from gasoline-powered cars seem to support this suggestion (22). At idle, the N02/N0* ratio went as high as 0.3 for a warm engine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…(c) The choice of dilution factor affected the N02 formation significantly, as is shown in Table V. The N02/NO* ratio rose as the dilution factor increased, but it should be kept in mind that a sizable part of N02 was 13 (0.08) 1.9 (0.12) 0 (0.18) 3 69(0.12) 22 (0.15) 3.4 (0.19) IV. Also shown is the N02/NOx ratio (volume) in the exhaust after 100 s (in parentheses).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Street canyon concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in Oslo. Measurements and model calculations

Hoy¹,

Larssen²

1984

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Concentrations of NO 2in excess of the frequently quoted exposure limit of 190-320 µg NO 2 /m 3 as hourly mean, have repeatedly been recorded in a street in Oslo during the winter. In January 1981, the hourly mean concentrations exceeded 400 vg/m 3 on 7 days, the maximum was 540 µg/m 3 • Summertime concentrations were much lower.The spatial and temporal resolution of the NO 2 and NOx concentration recordings strongly suggest that the high concentrations are associated with pockets of air of limited size. This points at a NO 2 production mechanism active before or just after the release of the exhaust gas. With a simple model of the combined

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“…In the literature, higher primary NO 2 /NO x ratios have been reported for diesel engines than gasoline engines, and vehicles with higher NO x emissions (Hilliard and Wheeler, 1979;Lenner and Lindqvist, 1983;Cariappa et al, 1994;Soltic and Weilenmann, 2004).…”

Section: The No 2 /No X Ratio Profiles In the Tunnelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NO 2 in urban atmosphere originates mainly from primary emissions of combustion processes and oxidation of NO. Recently, primary vehicular NO 2 raised much interest and concern in NO 2 control in urban areas (Harrison and Shi, 1996;Beevers, 2004a, b, 2005;Soltic and Weilenmann, 2004 EGU 2-5% to ∼30% (Lenner and Lindqvist, 1983;Cariappa et al, 1994;Harrison and Shi, 1996;Clapp and Jenkin, 2001;Jimenez et al, 2001;Beevers, 2004a, b, 2005;Jenkin, 2004a, b;Soltic and Weilenmann, 2004). The lower ratio (2-5%) is the widely accepted value for gasoline engines under normal driving conditions (Hilliard and Wheeler, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of tunnel concentration profile data to determine the ratio of NO<sub>2</sub>/NO<sub>x</sub> directly emitted from vehicles

Yao

Lau

Chan

et al. 2005

Preprint

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Abstract. Recently, it is reported that primary vehicular NO2/NOx ratio to be 10–30% and primary vehicular NO2 has raised much interest and concern in the control of NO2 in urban areas. In this study, primary vehicular NO2/NOx ratio in Hong Kong was investigated based on intensive long tunnel (3.7–4 km in length) experiments where concentration profiles of air pollutants along the entire lengths of the tunnels were obtained. Long tunnels were selected because of the inherent low O3 concentrations in the partially enclosed environment. In addition the concentrations of pollutants from vehicles are high. Thus, the NO2 measured inside long tunnels would be more representative of the primary NO2 emitted by vehicles and contribution due to atmospheric transformation would be limited. This dataset was supported by a long-term on-road air quality dataset (June 2002–August 2003). Both datasets were obtained using the Mobile Real-time Air Monitoring Platform (MAP). The primary on-road vehicular NO2/NOx ratio was less than 2%, detected in the mid sections of tunnels investigated, where O3 concentration was at a minimum. In sections of the tunnels (entrance and exit) where O3 concentrations were relatively high, the NO2/NOx ratio could be as high as 19%. Long-term (annual average) on-road air quality data in open air yielded NO2/NOx ratios up to 28%. Thus, it is apparent that directly emitted NO2 from vehicles is not significant in atmospheric NO2 concentration. A simple model was used to segregate the contribution of background NO2 and transformed NO2 measured in vehicle plumes.

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The ratio in emissions from gasoline-powered cars: High NO2 percentage in idle engine measurements

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Representativeness of Urban Highest Polluted Zones for Sitting Traffic-Oriented Air Monitoring Stations in a Chinese City

Representativeness of Urban Highest Polluted Zones for Sitting Traffic-Oriented Air Monitoring Stations in a Chinese City

Street canyon concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in Oslo. Measurements and model calculations

The use of tunnel concentration profile data to determine the ratio of NO<sub>2</sub>/NO<sub>x</sub> directly emitted from vehicles

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The ratio in emissions from gasoline-powered cars: High NO2 percentage in idle engine measurements

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Representativeness of Urban Highest Polluted Zones for Sitting Traffic-Oriented Air Monitoring Stations in a Chinese City

Representativeness of Urban Highest Polluted Zones for Sitting Traffic-Oriented Air Monitoring Stations in a Chinese City

Street canyon concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in Oslo. Measurements and model calculations

The use of tunnel concentration profile data to determine the ratio of NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;/NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; directly emitted from vehicles

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The use of tunnel concentration profile data to determine the ratio of NO<sub>2</sub>/NO<sub>x</sub> directly emitted from vehicles